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Wireless technologies and the growth of popularity of portable devices such as smartphones and tablets have created a variety of opportunities in the modern world. Wireless communications are changing the world because wireless devices are convenient, easy to use and can provide interconnectivity in virtually any place. Each day's people were obese with simplicity of their activities. So, we created...
Automation Technologies are on a rise today as their use has reduced the efforts of humans manifold. The concept of automation has its roots today from industrial to consumer grade applications. Smart Home Automation is one such concept evolved from a broader category of Building Automation. The advancement of many wireless technologies today like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, RF, Zigbee, WiMAX, Zwave, etc paved...
The Internet of Things (IoT) offers challenges that are being met by the convergence of multiple technologies, which have matured rapidly over the past decade. Broadband communication and mobile platforms enable raw data collection and its transmission to the cloud. Data science, e.g., deep learning, transforms large amounts of data from the Internet-connected sensors and personal devices in meaningful...
Both authentication and deauthentication are instrumental for preventing unauthorized access to computers and other resources. While there are obvious motivating factors for using strong authentication mechanisms, convincing users to deauthenticate is not straight-forward, since deauthentication is not considered mandatory. A user who leaves a logged-in workstation unattended (especially for a short...
Metal enclosed switchgears, which have been widely used, play an important role in power distribution network. PD detection is an effective way to identify potential faults and inspect insulation defects for high-voltage switchgear. Occurring inside a switchgear, PD would emit electromagnetic (EM) wave that propagates and leaks to the outside, and it also excites the surface current on the metal wall...
This paper presents a new principle of a passive chipless RFID wireless sensor for a rotational motion measurement and identification. The sensing and identification principles are based on a high quality factor substrate integrated cavity (SIW) resonator with dual antennas at two different angles. Depending on the angle difference between the dual antennas, the backscattered power generates a unique...
Now a days wireless sensors are attracting strong interest for different monitoring and controlling applications as they are integrated with the function of sensing, processing and wireless communication. The wireless sensor networks have been deployed for agricultural, industrial, remote monitoring and traffic management purposes. As energy shortage is a worldwide problem so that more attention has...
In this work, we present a wireless pH sensing device developed based on low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) substrate. The sensing part includes a signal conditioning circuit and a miniaturized pH sensor based on a Ag/AgCl reference electrode and an Iridium Oxide (IrOx) sensing electrode (1×1 mm2). Wireless communication was demonstrated using a commercial wireless module. Our pH sensing system...
The measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) is essential for diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma. The traditional MEMS-based IOP sensors have a capacitor based on opaque and rigid structures, which limit the field of view in patients. In this paper, a flexible IOP sensor using transparent graphene is presented. This novel wireless sensor is composed of graphene as a capacitor in series with a copper...
Patient monitoring is emerging as an important application of embedded sensors network. Many wireless sensors are implanted in/on the patient body. These tiny wireless sensors make Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). WBANs can observe physiological conditions of patient under supervision, and can provide us real-time feedback. Through WBAN a patient is constantly monitored, and in case of some critical...
During the past decade, water needs have risen exponentially to an unprecedented scale in India. The demand for water supply is ever increasing and satisfying this requirement has been a major challenge for many countries around the world. Urbanization, climatic changes and wasteful usage has further depleted the resource. Water being one of the major requirements for human survival, conservation...
An instrumented walker is an assistive device designed to assess the effects of upper-limb loading on gait characteristics. Such a device is used in conjunction with a motion analysis system, and electromyography (EMG) (i.e., muscle electrical activity) to gain a complete assessment of the patient's gait patterns during clinical interventions. In this work we developed an instrumented wireless walker...
This paper presents and evaluates a controller for Medical Smart Implants to provide real-time monitoring in bioreactors. The controller is based on a Cortex M3 microcontroller with an integrated IEEE 802.15.4 compliant RF transceiver hardware module in a single System-on-Chip. The modular concept is easily adjusted to react to differing conditions. Energy consumption and experiment results, under...
IEEE 802.15.6 standard has emerged as the most suitable standard that fits the special requirements of WBANs. Although the published IEEE 802.15.6 standard draft provides flexibility to designers by recommending the use of several MAC layer techniques, it does not specify how to combine some or all of these recommended techniques to form the most efficient WBAN MAC for a specific scenario. Our main...
Depending on the application development needs of wireless sensor network technology, a wireless motion sensor node is developed which integrates Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology. This paper describes the overall architecture of the node as well as the hardware and software modules design. A motion sensing system is designed for testing the performance of the motion sensor node. The system can...
This paper presents improved Adaptive Medium Access Control (iA-MAC) protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). In addition to the adaptive guard band assignment technique, the newly proposed protocol has an improved as well as adaptive sleep/wakeup mechanism. We consider a simple temperature measuring application, where sensors (nodes) sense human body for updated information. If the current...
The use of wireless sensor networks has enabled the process industry to collect a vast amount of hitherto unknown data by making physical monitoring of the underlying processes and equipment practically and economically possible. Wireless communication has led to new applications in the field of wireless process automation which in the past were subjected to economical, physical and technological...
This work presents results on communication rate analysis for event-based state estimation schemes. An event-based estimator in the form of the Kalman filter with intermittent observations is first introduced, based on which time-varying upper and lower bounds on the expectation of the communication rate are developed. For stable systems, time-invariant upper and lower bounds are given. For sensors...
Functions of wireless routing protocols are classified two: finding a route and maintaining the route. The route maintenance function also has two functions: detecting a link-breakage and recovering the broken route. This paper proposes a method to actively detect link breakages unlike conventional methods such as using a hello messages in the routing layer, using transmission failure notification...
Assistive technology is an emerging research area, where adaptable devices can be developed to help older people to achieve independence in their daily activities. This paper presents the design and development of a wearable wireless obstacle detection system suitable for the elderly and visually impaired people. The proposed system is capable of detecting obstacles located up to 1.5 meter from the...
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