The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
In order for a self-organizing real time (SORT) system to produce real time behavior that is "good enough," it must have the ability to trade off among competing performance metrics, of which time is only one. In this paper we discuss what some of those trade-offs are at both "design time" and during operations, present some examples of how biological systems create mechanisms...
Cytosine DNA methylation plays an essential role in regulating gene expression and silencing transposons in various animals, plants and fungi. Recent advances in next-generation DNA sequencing technologies have enabled to observe genome-wide DNA methylation status; especially, bisulfite sequencing allows us to collect DNA methylation status at single-base resolution. However, one of major problems...
Background: Horizontal gene transfer and gene duplication are two significant forces behind genome evolution. As more and more well-supported examples of HGTs are being revealed, there is a growing awareness that HGT is more widespread than previously thought, occurring often not only within bacteria, but also between species remotely related such as bacteria and plants or plants and animals. Although...
One of the major obstacles in computational modeling of a biological system is to determine a large number of parameters in the mathematical equations representing biological properties of the system. To tackle this problem, we have developed a global optimization method, called Discrete Selection Levenberg-Marquardt (DSLM), for parameter estimation. For fast computational convergence, DSLM suggests...
Appetitive operant conditioning in Aplysia for feeding behavior via electrical stimulation of esophageal nerve contingently reinforced upon each spontaneous bite resulted in contingently reinforced animals acquiring operant memory. Analysis of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the feeding motor circuitry revealed activity-dependent neuronal modulation occurs at interneurons that mediate the...
In this study, the SNPs located in the chicken pre-microRNAs were performed a genome-wide analysis. The result showed that pre-microRNA SNPs are negatively selected in respect to SNPs distribution between the pre-microRNA and their flanking regions. Interestingly, the seed regions show a higher SNP density than both the MIR and the other MIR regions excluding seed regions. Furthermore, the SNPs in...
The complex Interconnections between markers and polygenic genotype value suggested that the regression was not enough for describing the relation between genes and traits. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) could perform well for optimization in complex non-linear systems. Recently, artificial neural networks had been successfully used to predict the polygenic genotype value, and the different learning...
Complex network theory is utilized to explore the implication of protein domain content on evolution of eukaryotes. Comparative analysis of domains and their combination networks of eukaryotic organisms ranging over different phylogenetic groups demonstrate that: (1) topological features of domain combination network are correlated with organismal complexity; (2) globally central domains, defined...
In this study, we show the results of applying two automated data processing methods to a set of videos previously used to manually monitor the period and the phase of activity rhythms of the deep-water Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, a species of elevated commercial fishery value. Present data are consistent with published findings on Nephrops norvegicus activity rhythms both in the laboratory...
This paper presents a method which able to integrate visual information for virtual animal slaughtering and dissection analysis. Virtual slaughtering and dissections will provide an educational alternative to real operations by accurately representing an animal specimen, simulating situations impossible to stage in real life, and incliding all lands of additional learning tools. We will developed...
Biologists have found that certain creatures like frogs, orchids, and shrimp change their gender. Some research is proposing that species somehow know there is a gender imbalance and adjust the gender ratio accordingly. The mechanism in which the species change gender is unknown. Some scientists are suggesting that hormones are released which causes one type of reproductive organs to disappear and...
Behavior studies on the neurobiological effects of environmental, pharmacological and physiological manipulations in lab animals try to correlate these procedures with specific changes in animal behavior. Parameters such as duration, latency and frequency are assessed from the visually recorded sequences of behaviors, to distinguish changes due to manipulation. Since behavioral recording procedure...
The analysis of multi-timepoint whole-body small animal CT data is greatly complicated by the varying posture of the subject at different timepoints. Due to these variations, correctly relating and comparing corresponding regions of interest is challenging.In addition, occlusion may prevent effective visualization of these regions of interest. To address these problems, we have developed a method...
A two-step procedure is presented for analysis of θ (FST) statistics obtained for a battery of loci, which eventually leads to a clustered structure of values. The first step uses a simple Bayesian model for drawing samples from posterior distributions of θ-parameters but without constructing Markov chains. This step assigns a weakly informative prior to allelic frequencies and does not make any assumptions...
Pedigree based mixed model represents a simplistic yet robust and powerful model frequently used in animal and plant breeding, evolutionary biology, and human genetics. In the Bayesian setting inference of all model parameters can be performed with the use of well known McMC methods. Algorithms are commonly formulated with matrices, which provides a generic view, but hinders interpretation. Here,...
Diagnosing animal disease quickly and accurately has the economic effectiveness. But livestock breeding farms usually have relatively poor condition of disease diagnosis and animal disease cannot be diagnosed quickly and accurately. Traditional diagnostic method is usually restricted by some subjective factors. The accuracy of diagnosis is closely related to the level of medical skill. In order to...
In this paper, we develop a Tanimoto metric variant of the evolving tree for the analysis of mass spectrometric data of animal fur. The evolving tree is an extension of self-organizing maps developed to analyze hierarchical clustering problems. Together with the Tanimoto similarity measure, which is intended to work with taxonomic structured data, the evolving tree is well suited for the identification...
In the past, a prediction equation based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) is derived to calculate genomic breeding values (GEBV). However, the genome is very complex; a function could not reflect the relation between markers and phenotypes. Unlike the methods of regression, artificial neural networks (ANNs) could perform well for optimization in complex non-linear systems, however, artificial...
Although linear multivariate approaches used to analyze large genetic data sets did not allow a large part of the total variance to be explained, strong distortions with nonlinear data sets, horseshoe effects had always been found. Artificial neural networks could gather their knowledge by detecting the patterns and relationships in data and learn through experience, and could perform well for optimization...
The mechanisms of sustained atrial fibrillation (AF) are not well understood. And predicting the development of AF is a problem of great clinical interest. This paper proposed an AF analysis method by evaluating, based on Shannon entropy, the complexity of atrial activation in various AF stages. The first step was to preprocess and characterize electrograms. Then, Shannon entropy analysis and statistical...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.