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In this paper, a mathematical model of supercritical gasification of glycerol was developed with Mathcad14 and validated using experimental results of literature previous work. The effect of three parameters: temperature, residence time and glycerol concentration, on the efficiency of gasification and hydrogen production (mol of H2/mol of glycerol) was studied. Using surface response methodology (RSM)...
It is found out that the rate of oxidation of a massive zirconium plate by supercritical water at 823 K and ∼25 MPa increases under the action of constant electric field of ∼300 kV/m. The formed oxide layer undergoes strong destructions of a top part and strong inhomogeneity in oxygen distribution along the layer. At interaction between Zr and H2O/CO2 supercritical fluid under the action of electric...
GaAs is an attractive photovoltaic material, but its widespread implementation is limited in part by the high cost of metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, which employs toxic and pyrophoric gas-phase precursors. We study close-space vapor transport, which uses solid GaAs as a source and water vapor as a transport agent as an alternative technique for depositing GaAs films. Epitaxial n-GaAs thin...
A novel swimming bed reactor with no reflux which suit for small scale wastewater treatment was developed. The performance of the reactor for treating domestic wastewater was investigated. Steady removal effect with 71.75% of average COD removal rate was achieved in hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 20.74h ∼ 4.30h. When hydraulic retention time (HRT) was at 8.12h with average NH4+-N volumetric loading...
Optical on line techniques enable non intrusive physical measurements in harsh environments (high temperature, high pressure, radioactivity, …). Optical absorption spectrometries such as UV-Visible, FTIR, CRDS have been successfully used to study gas phase speciation in different nuclear applications. LIBS which relies on laser matter interactions is a on line optical technique for solids and liquids...
NO adsorption over powder activated carbon in a fluidized bed reactor has been studied. NO could be adsorbed by fluidized powder activated carbon. This study showed that lower reaction temperature gave more amount of NO adsorption. When no oxygen was present, the amount of NO adsorption was little. With increasing oxygen content, the amount of NO adsorption increased. Although NO2 was not detected...
Oxidizing NO to more soluble NO2 has been proposed as a promising method for enhancing NO removal in conventional FGD processes. In this paper, the roles of gas components (O2, H2O) and reaction temperature in NO2 removal were discussed by comparing the NO2 absorption characteristics in and without the presence of SO2. It was found that the presence of SO2 in the flue gas could enhance NO2 removal...
Supercritical water (SCW) is water at conditions above the critical point (typically 600°C, 25 MPa). SCW is used as coolant in the primary circuit of one of the new concepts of nuclear reactors. Supercritical water has unique properties and very low price enables its use as chemical environment as well as reactant taking part in chemical reactions. These reactions lead to very interesting products...
Cyclohexanol is widely used in industry as a precursor for the synthesis of intermediates of Nylon. In this paper, design and control of reactive-distillation process for the production of cyclohexanol have been studied. The total annual costs of two alternative decanter configurations are comparable. However, one configuration gives much better operability than the others in the face of feed disturbances...
5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a kind of new green platform chemical with wide application. Glucose, which is the unit compound of cellulose, is one of the most important starting chemicals from biomass. With its low cost and wide supply, the conversion of glucose to HMF has attracted the interests of researchers. In this work, a systematic study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of operating...
Acetic acid was chosen as a model compound of fast pyrolysis bio-oil, A series of Ni-based catalyst were prepared for gasification of acetic acid in a fixed bed by microwave heating. The experimental results indicate that the additives of MgO and CoO to the Ni/Dolomite can improve the catalyst selectivity obviously, at the same time, Ni/Dolomite catalyst can reduce the carbon deposition rate efficiently...
Microplasma has advantages of reducing the power and downsizing the entire plasma system. Decomposition of formaldehyde (HCHO) by a microplasma reactor was demonstrated for improving Indoor air Quality (IAQ). One experimental investigation was one pass treatment (5 L/min) and the other one way with a large volume treatment (500 L/min). Removal ratio of HCHO (initial concentration: 0.8 ppm) in one...
Plasma application for environmental improvement is desirable and it is worthwhile to clarify the effect of humidity on the plasma process. We investigated humidity effect by both approaches of the radical temperature measurement by LIF and practical decomposition experiment. As humidity increases, The OH rotational temperature rises quickly and reaches high. As well-known, ozone generation is suppressed...
This paper presents results and commentary on the design of a back-calculation anti-windup PID controller at an open-pool research reactor. The design and analysis was performed offline. The target for the control design was the reactors pre-existing qualified distributed control system, hence the control solution was limited in scope to the existing control block algorithms. This posed some technical...
Candle nut (Aleurites moluccana) is very popular in Indonesia, mostly it is used in cooking. The candlenut oil contains 15% oleic acid, 40% linoleic acid, and less than 30 % linolenic acid, it contains high unsaturated fatty acids, which is a prospective raw material for epoxidation. To obtain value-added products from locally available renewable natural resources, epoxidation of candle nut oil was...
In modern reactors a conventional PID controller is adopted in water level of pressurizer. Pressurizer is a controlled object which has the characteristics of large-delay, nonlinear and multi-disturbance. It is difficult to have precise mathematical model. So it cannot be satisfied with control requirements. Prompted by the feedback regulation mechanism of neural network, a composite control strategy...
The model of steam turbine based on multi-modules high temperature gas-cooled reactor is proposed. A series of procedure is adopted to reduce the model error. Simulation analysis on the presented model is conducted to verify the precision and suitability, and the influence of different regulation methods on the output power is studied.
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