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Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) is a plant native to Central America and is a source of oil and other by-products with commercial potential and economic value. Recent studies have shown that the oil from Jatropha seeds can be used for the production of biodiesel that meets the EN and ASTM biodiesel specification standards. Biofuel produced from Jatropha curcas can be used in a variety of ways to meet Sudan's...
Biogas is a kind of rich resource and cheap renewable biomass energy and wildly used in rural and remote mountain area in China. Based on methane gas combustion characteristic, the model of miniature gasoline generator refitted was selected. A kind of miniature gasoline generator was refitted by increasing the compression ratio, regulating the ignition advance angle, selecting and designing precipitator,...
Computer aided techniques form an efficient approach to solve chemical product design problems such as the design of blended liquid products (chemical blending). In chemical blending, one tries to find the best candidate, which satisfies the product targets defined in terms of desired product attributes (properties). The systematic computer-aided technique first establishes the search space, and then...
Biodiesel as an augmenting fuel to petroleum diesel has advantages like lower CO, lower CO2, decreased particulate matter emission and lower UBHC and few disadvantages like poorer cold flow characteristics, lower heating values, and mostly reported higher emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx = NO + NO2, where NO is nitric oxide and NO2 is nitrogen dioxide). Emission of oxides of nitrogen is the focus...
The study mainly deals with the causes of air pollution in Gulbarga related to buses. Particularly it focuses on the suggestion to curb the vehicular pollution by the use of biodiesel. The pollution loads have been calculated and compared by considering usage of the biodiesel in place of conventional diesel fuel in buses. For the purpose of this study, the three depots of the NE-Karnataka Road Transport...
Biodiesel is renewable and environmental friendly alternative diesel fuel for diesel engine. It can be produced from food grade vegetable oils, inedible oil, animal fats and waste or used vegetable oils, by transesterification process. Transesterification is a chemical reaction in which vegetable oils and animal fats are reacted with alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. The products of reaction...
Determine engine performance of a naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine fueled with diesel and pungam methyl ester blend (PME20). Comparison of performance was done for different values of compression ratio, injection pressure and injection timing to find best possible combination for operating engine with PME20. It is found that the combined compression ratio of 19:1, injection pressure...
The world's energy consumption is estimated to be 3.36 × 1020 J per annum and is projected to increase to up to 6.3 × 1020 J in the year 2050. Due to the concern on environmental problems caused by the use of those fossil fuels, considerable attention has been given to biodiesel production as an alternative to petrodiesel. Biodiesel is advised for use as an alternative fuel for conventional petroleum-based...
The world is entering a period of declining non-renewable energy resources popularly known as “Peak Oil”. Climate change is therefore more than a problem with a feasible solution based either in science or markets on which we are likely to reach rapid consensus. Since the mid-20th century it has projected continuation. Earth is already showing many signs of worldwide climate change. One of the greatest...
Continuous use of petroleum sourced fuels is now widely recognized as unsustainable because of depleting supplies and contribution of these fuels to the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the environment. Renewable, carbon neutral, transport fuels are necessary for environmental and economic sustainability. Raw and spent vegetable oils have attracted attention as a potential renewable resource for...
Pyrolysis oil (also called bio-oils) produced from biomass is a promising substitute for fossil fuels. However, bio-oil has many shortcomings, such as high viscosity, high oxygenate content, low stability and low heating value. Therefore, it is hard for direct high-grade fuel utilization before upgrading. In this paper, bio-oil upgrading techniques, such as catalytic hydrogenation, catalytic cracking,...
This paper describes an experimental study concerning the feasibility of using bio-oil namely turmeric leaves based oil obtained from the resin of turmeric plants. The emission and performance characteristics of a 4-stroke spark ignited engine were studied by using gasoline and turmeric leaves oil. The performance and emission parameters of both the fuels were evaluated and compared. The performance...
With the fossil fuels decreasing, human being is faced with an unprecedented energy crisis. One of the important way to solve this problem is looking for an alternative of the fossil fuels. This article studied on the salt tolerance of shinyleaf yellowhorn which was a kind of strong drought resistance and high-quality plant of bio-fuel raw material. After the plant was segmented from original color...
To develop industry of putting jatropha curcas L. as biological diesel fuel In Guizhou province, which covered with mountains here and there, is in leading position in the world now, comparative speaking, as a biological diesel fuel the jatropha curcas L. is a renewable and environment-friendly fuel, it is a typical green fuel. Therefore, it could accelerate the speed of energy replacement which use...
Transesterification of canola oil with methanol was investigated under a heterogeneous catalysts system. Various γ-Al2O3-, hydrotalcite-, SiO2-supported Na, Ca oxides prepared via an impregnation method were applied as solid catalyst. The influence of supports (γ-Al2O3, hydrotalcite, SiO2) structure on the activity and adsorption behavior of Na, Ca-based catalysts for transesterification was comparatively...
A quasi-dimensional spark ignition (SI) engine cycle model is used to predict the combustion and exhaust emissions of a gas engine driven generator for the cases of using biogas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-biogas blends. Two different thermodynamic regions consisting of unburned gases and burned gases that are separated by the flame front are considered. Liquefied petroleum gas (0%, 5% and 15%)...
Deoiled Jatropha curcas seed meal (DJSM), a chief waste material of oil extraction industry, will be generated on a large scale due to the growing interest in using Jatropha curcas seed oil as a feedstock for the production of biodiesel. Up to now, there is very little work on viable approach for the use of DJSM to the best of our knowledge. This article reports our studies on the utilization of this...
Some filamentous fungi were screened as potential oleaginous microorganisms for production of microbial lipid. The results showed that filamentous fungus Strain SCIM04 displayed the most potential ability in producing microbial lipid, the lipid content of cells reached 50.93%, and the lipid yield was 8.4±0.42 g /L. Furthermore, the components profile of the lipid were analyzed. The results revealed...
In this paper, in order to discuss the influence on the greenhouse gas CO2 produced by cellulose ethyl alcohol in atmosphere, the Tianjin energy consumption condition reported by Tianjin Statistics bureau is the data foundation, and through the research on CO2 produced by the gasoline and by the cellulose ethyl alcohol, through the mathematical model calculation we draw the following conclusion: Biological...
Biodiesel production catalyzed by Novozyme 435 was optimized using Plaekett-Burman design and response surface methodology. Firstly, Plaekett-Burman was employed to screen the main efficient parameters on conversion rate from enzyme dosage, reaction temperature, tert-butanol amount, oil/alcohol molar ratio and molecular sleves added amount. Then, the steepest ascent experiments were carried out to...
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