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This paper presents the validation of a rule-based control strategy trying to maximize the self-consumption of PV-converted power and providing frequency containment reserve power at the same time with a battery energy storage system placed in a residential household with roof-top PV-plant. The single model of a residential household is integrated in a simulation model of a virtual battery energy...
Renewable Energy (RE) units especially grid connected Wind and Solar PV which have no rotational inertia are effectively displacing the conventional generators and their rotating systems. This reduces both the cost of generation and environmental effects. However, this has implications on the frequency stability in that frequency dynamics become faster with low inertia. This makes frequency control...
Lately, new solutions have been added to the control of autonomous grids, which improve the way the power grids operate. These changes may affect the reliability and safety of power distribution grids, the dynamic stability being a real concern. This issue is more prominent in autonomous microgrids (MGs) with high penetration of renewable energy sources. On this topic, this paper aims to study how...
Island operation possibility plays nowadays an important role in the view of preserving a part of the power system working during close-to-blackout emergency states such as collapsing power system divided in to smaller parts. Unfortunately following paper shows that not all regulation tools available for the transmission system operator (TSO) which are secured by the national grid code might be used...
A method for formulating system frequency response (SFR) model-derived frequency indexes into optimum framework of sizing energy storage systems (ESSs) that participate in frequency control in power systems is presented. A novel simplified SFR model, approximating frequency and governor responses with quadratic and linear functions respectively, is first developed, leading to a fast and accurate computation...
In this paper, a smoothing method of frequency fluctuations of power system due to output of wind farms by using HVDC transmission system is proposed. The control method is designed so as to absorb the fluctuations without additional installation of energy storage systems such as batteries.
In this paper, a Fractional-Order Fuzzy PID (FOFPID) controller is designed for and applied to the Egyptian Power System Load Frequency Control (ELFC) to achieve superior performance without steady-state error in the system frequency. The hybrid linear FOFPID controller is made by grouping the Proportional-Integral (PI) and Proportional-Derivative (PD) parts of the PID with the Fuzzy Inference Engine...
This paper presents a simple controller to enable the inertial response of utility-scale battery energy storage system (BESS). Details of the BESS modeling are presented in this paper. The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate that inertial controller in BESS help to reduce change to the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF), providing frequency support and improving the system frequency...
With the increase in load demand, generation should also be increased or interconnection of network must be done to ensure the quality of power generated and to feed the load. LFC is used for stabilizing the factors in the power system (i.e frequency and tie-line power) with the use of different controllers. A system using three sources of generation are used and simulated in MATLAB2015b
Achieving a high-level of stability represents one major concern in autonomous microgrids (MGs) with high penetration levels of renewable energy sources. The aim of this paper is to study how photovoltaic (PV) power plants can provide dynamic frequency support in an MG, in order to obtain an improved stability for the entire power system. On the PV side an energy storage subsystem is added, which...
This paper addresses adaptive fuzzy logic controller for load frequency control of a multi-source two area power system with different power generation sources viz hydro gas & thermal power plant. Expert knowledge is required for conventional fuzzy logic control in developing parameters. Whereas in this method rules are tuned online by adaptation algorithm according to operating condition. The...
The growth of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) requires more reserve for generation-demand balancing. Recently, energy storage system such as battery is expected as additional reserve power source. The authors have proposed Battery-Assisted Load Frequency Control (BALFC). The method makes it possible to compensate reserve deficiency by providing excess components of LFC signal over ramp rate limits...
The distributed generator based on power electronic converters has no inherent inertial response like that from the rotating mass of the conventional synchronous generator. The control scheme of Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) is anticipated to improve the distributed generator system stability by imitating the behavior of the synchronous generator including the system inertia. Unlike a real synchronous...
Unlike centralized synchronous generator (SG) in conventional power system, distributed micro-sources are parallel connected to neighbors by inverters, which are less-inertia. To improve the transient stability, inverter-based distributed generators (DG) can draw an analogy between the storage and rotor rotational kinetic energy of SG in inertia function. Instead of emulating a fixed virtual inertia,...
Isolated grid (IG) usually has small inertia constant, and the primary frequency regulation ability of IG is limited. In addition, high penetration level of photovoltaic power plants (PV-PPS)integrated to IG deteriorate system inertial and primary frequency regulation ability. To ensure the stability of frequency, UC model considering dynamic frequency limit (DFL) is proposed in this paper, and PV-PPS...
Increasing the penetration of distributed renewable sources, including photovoltaic (PV) sources, poses technical challenges for grid management. The grid has been optimized over decades to rely upon large centralized power plants with well-established feedback controls, but now non-dispatchable, renewable sources are displacing these controllable generators. By programming autonomous functionality...
An attempt has been made in this article for effective solution of load frequency control (LFC) problem in an interconnected power system using a meta-heuristic optimization technique, called oppositional krill herd algorithm (OKHA). Krill herd algorithm (KHA) is simply mimics the life cycle of krill in an oceans and designed based on the solution of herding behavior of individual krill. A two-area...
The significance of interconnected power system is growing day-by-day as many a times the availability resources for electric power generation depends on geographical locations and is distributed in nature. At the same time the strengths of demands are not uniform in a country like India. Hence to mitigate the gap between power generation and demand, especially in a country like India, interconnected...
This paper presents an analysis of the simplified model of the Great Britain (GB) power system for 2030 projections. Electric Vehicles (EVs), Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), and Fly-Wheel Energy Storage System (FESS) are connected in the primary frequency control loop. PD -like Fuzzy Logic controller (PDFLC) is used as a secondary frequency control as well as the classical PID controller for...
The shortcoming of conventional power system operation is manifest: economic dispatch (ED) only optimizes generation schedule periodically, and any power change of distributed generators or system loads can make the power outputs of the generating units deviate from the optimality. To this end, a distributed real-time ED approach is introduced, which integrates ED and secondary frequency control,...
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