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Harmonic emission assessment for Grid Code compliance of Renewable Power Plants (RPP) has to be fair and pragmatic. The CIGRE C4.109 method lacks the ability to determine which harmonic currents have a positive or negative impact on emission in the network. The aggregation of harmonic phasors can support the better understanding of emission based on analysis of the prevailing angle in the harmonic...
The International Electrotechnical Committee Technical Report IEC 61000-3-15:2011 provides electromagnetic compatibility requirements and test conditions for distributed generators up to 75 A per phase. In the current research, two commercially available photovoltaic (PV) inverters up to the capacity of 3600 W were tested following the guidelines proposed in IEC 61000-3-15 in relation to low order...
Managing voltage distortion in power systems usually consists of two steps. The first step, mostly utilized outside of North America, involves limiting harmonic emissions from individual pieces of equipment. The second step, utilized worldwide in different ways, is to manage harmonic emissions on a system level. Traditionally, equipment emissions have been managed at low voltage (LV) whereas system-level...
Present IEC guidelines are difficult to apply to realistic cases because of the data load, the number of assumptions required and the computational complexity. A new approach is given based on the concept of voltage droop, to be detailed in a companion paper. The benefits of the approach are a simple calculation with minimal data and no required assumptions. It applies to radial or meshed distribution...
Distributors need to allocate a maximum allowed level of harmonic current to MV customers to keep voltage distortion acceptable. The paper describes a new approach, based on the concept of voltage droop, requiring much less calculation and data than required by the present approach based on an IEC technical report. The discrepancy between the new method and the present is studied by comparing some...
The definition and determination of harmonic emission levels in accordance with the new draft edition of the IEC Technical Report 61000-3-6 is presented in this paper. The paper deals with contributions to the voltage harmonic distortion and, in addition, discusses an alternative method for estimating customer harmonic emission levels at the point of common coupling. This method is based on the harmonic...
IEC Technical Report 61000-3-6 gives principles to be applied to ensure acceptable harmonic levels in power systems. Detailed analysis methods have been developed to apply these principles to both distribution and transmission systems. At the transmission/distribution interface, it is found that transmission harmonic allocations can be as little as one third of the allocation which would be given...
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