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Passive elements are indispensable in RF systems and are used for matching networks, LC tank circuits, filtering, … etc. Passive elements can be simply classified into distributed elements including transmission lines and waveguides. As the operating frequency moves into the microwave spectrum, the distributed circuits have a higher Q factor, and thus they are usually used for high-frequency applications...
Coil design is one of the critical part to get high power transfer efficiency for wireless power transfer (WPT) system. There exists coil figure of merit (FOM), which is used to evaluate coil design in the aspect of WPT system efficiency. WPT coil FOM is function of coil quality factor (Q-factor) and coupling coefficient, k and higher Q and k guarantees higher coil-to-coil efficiency. Coil DC loss,...
In this paper, a new and novel printed structure is proposed to obtain high quality factor (Q-factor) coil antenna in wireless power transmission system. The main idea to achieve high quality factor is “adjusted line pitch and width” with respect to outer diameters. The line pitch and width of the printed pattern are gradually increased in proportion with outer diameter. By using this design method,...
The integration of power supplies has the potential to reduce the form factor and cost of electronic systems. The resonance switched capacitor (ReSC) converters show a promising performance as it overcomes the charge-sharing losses in switched capacitor (SC) converters. However, the used inductors need an additional manufacture process. This paper investigates the design of ReSC using an integrated...
This paper presents the design considerations for thin-film magnetic power inductors for integrated voltage regulator (IVR). Optimum design parameters for solenoid inductors are arrived at that maximize key performance metrics such as quality factor, inductor efficiency, inductance density, and operation frequency. A fabrication approach to integrate the solenoid inductor with thin-film magnetic material...
A simple design formula of a small circular wire coil is proposed for maximum Q-factor. For the formula, the inductance and resistance of the coils are calculated at 6.78 MHz using the volume filament method (VFM) by considering skin and proximity effects. In the calculations, coil radii of 10, 20, and 30 mm are used and the wire radius ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The quality factors (Q-factors)...
This paper presents a second-order bandpass active filter that operates in current-mode. The circuit is implemented from second generation current controlled conveyors with different polarization and grounded capacitors. The proposed filter, implemented in BiCMOS technology, exhibits: a simple structure thanks to the simplified conveyors topologies; low active and passive sensitivities; a low supply...
This paper describes the use of WEBENCH Coil Designer for generating wireless power transfer PCB inductors for low and medium power portable systems without the need of complex calculations or complex layout design.
The improvement of misalignment tolerance is a key challenge for the optimization of wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. WPT coil design plays an imperative role in improving the misalignment tolerance. However, misalignment tolerance needs to be considered along with the dynamics of the receiving coil. This paper presents a coil optimization method to improve misalignment tolerance according to...
Due to ever-increasing demand for high-level integration, high system (mechanical) flexibility, small form factor, and/or thermal conductivity, the integrated circuits (ICs) need to be thin, preferably <200µm. One potential drawback of thin IC is that the efficiency of the RF transformer may be degraded, hence resulting in reduced overall system efficiency and increased power dissipation. In this...
This paper presents several experimental and simulation results on 130 nm SOI integrated inductors. Measurements and 3D electromagnetic simulations highlight the efficiency of different layout techniques and technological choices to improve the integrated inductor Q factor. We compare a variable-width spiral inductor with a classical spiral inductor keeping the inductance value constant as an essential...
This work aims for the design of printed spiral coils (PSC) with high quality factors. This consists in minimizing coil losses represented by proximity and eddy currents losses. For this purpose, specific geometric parameters characterizing spiral coils are shown to have a direct impact on increasing such losses. As a result, to minimize proximity effect, high ratios between the interspace separating...
Long-term operation of wireless sensors and obviation of the periodic battery replacement require either energy harvesting from the environment or wireless power transfer to the sensor units. Energy transfer using RF field proves to be an excellent way of transferring power to the sensor unit. This paper presents a detail design and optimization process of printed spiral coil (PSC) and PSC based efficient...
The methods of optimizing and designing compact circular coils for a higher quality factor ($Q$ -factor) and effective wireless power transfer (WPT) for an application of a WPT system in the megahertz frequency range to implantable medical devices are presented. For an optimal design, the ohmic resistance and inductance of the coils, including skin and proximity effects, are calculated by applying...
The main objective of this paper is to develop a model of an inductor dedicated to the monolithic integration of DC / DC converters for mobile phone applications. Numerical simulation based on the finite element method shows that in contrast to 2D models, modeling of 3D integrated inductors can better estimate the electrical parameters of the desired inductor. The optimization of these values is based...
This paper presents the design and implementation of high power density and highly efficient air-core embedded inductor onto Printed Circuit Board (PCB) for 280W-5A/240nH, 280W-12A/150nH and 280W-18A/50nH. The toroidal structure due to its better performance on interfacing electromagnetic fields (EMI), is investigated. In addition, thermal restrictions are considered at high current capacity by reducing...
This paper presents a technique for extending the operating frequency of an inductive link used for wireless power transfer. The extension is achieved by segmenting the primary inductor. A circuit model is proposed for a single-coil squared inductor, which provides the basis for the model of the segmented inductor. These models help to understand the operation of the segmented inductor and serve as...
We deal with the design of a wireless power transfer link realized by coupled inductors. It is shown that, for given values of the coupling coefficient and quality factors, by specifying the desired input and output resistances we can find the values of the inductances that realize the maximally efficient wireless power transfer link. Numerical and experimental verifications of the proposed approach...
This paper presents a design method and results of prototyping for the wireless power transfer (WPT) link used in intraocular implantable devices. In this kind of applications, the coil size is constrained strictly, which makes it hard to find an efficient configuration by only changing the coil geometry. Therefore, in our design, we took frequency into account as another design dimension to expand...
Printed spiral has long been a common preference in Radio Frequency (RF) and microwave engineering. Nowadays, they are widely implemented in wireless power system, wireless communication, semiconductor and power system. In this paper, analysis of electrical properties is performed closely on traditional Archimedean and Single Ended Bifilar (SEB) spirals in order to investigate the potential for different...
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