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Certain Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications such as patient monitoring, smart grid, and equipment condition monitoring require accurate estimation of specific WSN parameters such as end-to-end delay, reliability and power consumption. The estimation of these parameters calls for an accurate and lightweight WSN model that is suitable for the low processing capabilities of sensor nodes. In this...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), sensors usually form a tree topology and the sensed data are transmitted to a sink using multihop communication fashion. The tree topology works effectively in handling the traffics towards the sink. However, this tree topology aggravates the waste of network resources. In particular, sensors close to the sink will overuse the energy for transmitting other sensed...
In wireless sensor networks, all data packets are routed from the individual sensor nodes towards an in-situ base-station (BS). Such traffic pattern makes the BS vulnerable to adversary's attack. Basically, an adversary would intercept the ongoing transmissions and localize their sources. Then by employing traffic analysis techniques, an adversary would correlate the intercepted transmissions to uncover...
The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have a wide range of applications such as target detection and tracking, environmental monitoring, and tactical systems. However, lower sensing ranges result in dense networks, which brings the necessity to achieve an efficient medium access protocol subject to power constraints. Various MAC protocols with different objectives were proposed for wireless sensor networks...
Wireless sensor networks, WSNs, are an efficient way to deal with low-rate communications in confined environments such as mines or nuclear power plants because of their simplicity of deployment and low cost. In these application domains, WSNs are used to gather data from sensor nodes towards a sink in a multi-hop convergecast structure. In this paper, we focus on a traffic-aware time slot assignment...
Limited resources in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are the key concern that needs to be given a careful consideration when studying virtually any aspect of a sensor network. Therefore, energy demands and radio bandwidth utilization should be addressed, especially in one-to-many communication. To define the problem, this article presents and categorizes the most common WSN multicast procedures depending...
In this paper, we investigated the problem of finding an efficient topology for delay-constrained data in WSNs. As we know topology control is one of the important mechanisms designed for decreasing energy consumption in WSNs. Since topology control may increase the end-to-end delay, one of the criteria's should be considered in topology control algorithms is delay constraint. Most existing works...
The field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is undergoing a major revolution, opening the prospect of significant impact in many application areas (safety, health, environment, food safety, manufacturing, telecommunications. Routing isfundamental such a network because there is no infrastructure that manages the information exchanged between network nodes. Two major classes of routing algorithms are...
Wireless sensor networks are appealing to researchers due to their wide range of application potential in areas such as target detection and tracking, environmental monitoring, and tactical systems. However, lower sensing ranges result in dense networks, which bring the necessity to achieve an effcient medium access protocl subject to power constraints. Various MAC protocols with different objectives...
The main task of most deployed wireless sensor networks is data collection. While a number of solutions have been designed for static networks, there are currently no widely used data collection algorithms for mobile sensor networks. In this paper, we concentrate on scenarios where many nodes, both data sources and sinks, move along a certain track in one direction, a scenario that is common in sports...
IEEE 802.15.4 is an emerging standard specifically designed for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN) with a focus on enabling the Wireless Sensor Networks. It attempts to provide a low data rate, low power, and low cost wireless networking on the device-level communication. This paper provides a brief description of Zigbee standards including different topologies it supports. It focuses...
Recent research efforts have resulted in efficient support for IPv6 in Low power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN), with the “IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks” (RPL) being on the forefront as the state of the art routing approach. However, little attention has been paid to IPv6 multicast for networks of constrained devices. The “Multicast Forwarding Using Trickle” (Trickle...
It is a significant challenge to design a secure routing protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSN), because a WSN has dynamic topology, limited energy, confined computing ability and small memory size. The performance metrics usually considered when working with a WSN are power consumption, connectivity, scalability, and limited resources. Sensor nodes play the dual role of data collection and routing...
In wireless sensor networks, saving energy is crucial in order to increase the network lifetime. Energy is often saved by synchronizing the nodes activity, and having long periods of inactivity, or by having nodes exchange a global activity schedule. The synchronization and the exchange of a global schedule are two examples where information is boadcast from a specific node to the whole network. In...
In this work, we carry out a comparison evaluation for mobile and static sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) using TwoRayGround propagation model and different protocols. We consider packet-loss and delay metrics to evaluate the performance of WSN. The simulation results have shown that for WSN with mobile sensor nodes, the delay is better than static sensor nodes. In case of static sensor...
Technology of wireless sensor networks has grown thanks to technological developments in different areas related to microelectronics. However, to become truly ubiquitous, these networks must overcome a number of challenges such as resource constraints (energy, memory, etc.), quality of service (bounded transmission delays), etc. It follows that the energy conservation and latency minimization are...
In Wireless Sensor Network MAC protocol designs, end to end latency is a field that many researches often focus on. RMAC, as a synchronizing MAC protocol, shows great advantage in reducing end to end latency than other MAC protocols. However, the performance of RMAC degenerates when encountered with interference hotspots. In this paper, we present an enhanced MAC protocol called SRMAC, which is derived...
Wireless sensor networks are formed by a great deal of sensor nodes, which are generally battery-powered and may not be recharged easily. Consequently, how to save energy is an important issue when designing protocol in wireless sensor network. However, lowering the energy consumption may result in higher latency. To address such a tradeoff, this paper proposes a MAC protocol supported dynamic contention...
In this paper, deployment strategies of underwater sensor nodes and gateway nodes for two-dimensional communication architecture in Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) are proposed. In the sensor deployment strategy, underwater sensor nodes are deployed in two rows along the coastline, which is of complete coverage and connectivity, localization available and scalable. In the gateway...
MAC protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks based on channel checking to detect incoming packets (such as Low Power Listening, LPL) require some form of synchronization among sensors, in order to schedule the times in which the sender and the receiver should turn on their radios, and to ensure correct packet delivery. However, while travelling along multihop paths, packets may accumulate delays that...
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