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The corpus callosum (CC) is a set of neural fibers in the cerebral cortex, responsible for facilitating inter-hemispheric communication. The CC structural characteristics appear as an essential element for studying healthy subjects and patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases. Due to its size, the CC is usually divided into smaller regions, also known as parcellation. Since there are no...
Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness and it has been the topic of massive studies to explore the underlying mechanisms of the disease. Resting-state neuroimaging studies have been widely applied to investigate the functional damage of the brain, but little is known about the alterations of the interhemispheric resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in patients with primary open-angle...
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a kind of progressive neuropathy with no clear cause. In the present fMRI study, a data-driven approach was employed to map the alteration of regional spontaneous activity in POAG patients by measuring the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal. Twenty one POAG patients and 22 age and gender matched healthy...
Cerebral microbleeds have recently received an increased interest, because they appear to be markers of increased risk of vascular events and dementia. Detection and scoring of microbleeds currently requires extensive manual evaluation and hence is very time-consuming. The rating time may be significantly decreased by automated detection of microbleeds using the radial symmetry transform. The goal...
We present an algorithmic pipeline to assess the dynamics on human brain networks based on multimodal resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. We employ white matter fiber density information to parcellate the cerebral cortex into functionally homogenous regions, which are used as nodes to construct functional brain networks. Then, the dynamics...
Current state of the art neurosurgical systems do not exploit the complementary information provided by structural and diffusion MRI when aligning pre-operative and intra-operative images. We propose a multivariate registration scheme where structural and fractional anisotropy data are combined in a single similarity measure. We formulate the normalised mutual information expression for the multichannel...
This paper presents a novel, publicly available repository of anatomically segmented brain images of healthy subjects as well as patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. The underlying magnetic resonance images have been obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. T1-weighted images (1.5 T and 3 T) have been processed with the multi-atlas based MAPER...
We apply support vector machines (SVMs) in the context of fMRI analysis, in order to identify brain regions that are predictive of the experimental conditions. For the spatial SVM, we use the data within local 3D windows, called a searchlight, to train an SVM classifier to distinguish different experimental protocol conditions. Brain regions with high classification accuracy are identified as being...
Current clinical methods of Parkinson's disease assessment are known to be subjective and potentially error prone. This paper presents a preliminary investigation into the development of a novel approach for the assessment of Parkinsonian tremor. The approach is based on a computer vision technique with the aim of providing a more objective, frequent, yet unobtrusive means of assessment. A method...
Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) show a variety of atypical behavioral and perceptual patterns which seem to lack a common underlying cause. We hypothesize that there may be a general impairment of the autistic brain characterized by a restriction on the class of connectivity patterns, i.e. features, that can be utilized for learning perceptual and cognitive tasks. In particular, we...
In this study, the white matter, gray matter and the tissues affected by Multiple Sclerosis are segmented semi-automatically from Magnetic Resonance images using programming environments ITK (Insight Registration and Segmentation Toolkit), VTK (Visualization Toolkit) and MeVisLab (Medical Image Processing and Visualization).
For individuals with mobility limitations, powered wheelchair systems provide improved functionality, increased access to healthcare, education and social activities. Input devices such as joystick and switches can provide the necessary input required for efficient control of the powered wheelchair. For persons with limited dexterity, or fine control of the fingers, access to mechanical hardware such...
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) open a new valuable communication channel for people with severe neurological or motor degenerative diseases, such as ALS patients. On the other hand, the ability to teleoperate robots in a remote scenario provides a physical entity embodied in a real environment ready to perceive, explore, and interact. The combination of both functionalities provides a system with...
The propagation of shear waves in soft tissue can be visualized by magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to characterize tissue mechanical properties. Dynamic deformation of brain tissue arising from shear wave propagation may underlie the pathology of blast-induced traumatic brain injury. White matter in the brain, like other biological materials, exhibits a transversely isotropic structure, due...
The aim of this study was to elucidate the usefulness of exploratory eye movements (EEMs) in neurological and psychiatric diseases. EEMs were examined with an eye mark recorder while the subjects viewed geometric figures, visual searching tasks or video movie. Mean gazing time (MGT), total number of gazing points (TNGP) and total eye scanning length for gazing points (TESL) were analyzed. As a result,...
We describe an approach for harmonic surface mapping of blood vessel aneurysms into a topologically equivalent canonical space. We use this approach to map and visualize local hemodynamic variables associated with the surface of sidewall internal carotid artery aneurysms (ICA) imaged by 3D X-ray angiography. These variables are derived from steady-state computational fluid dynamic simulations. An...
We investigated the manner in which complementary and conflicting visual and physical motion signals affect postural responses in healthy elderly individuals vs. an age-matched group that had experienced cortical or subcortical strokes (stroke). Subjects stood on a motion platform located within a virtual reality environment and were asked to maintain their balance in response to different combinations...
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