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This paper illustrates a novel visualization technique for the graphical exploration of large feature-rich brain imaging datasets. An interactive and dynamic OpenGL/Qt-built user interface has been designed for domain experts and students who are non-specialists in informatics, analytics, or data mining. Multi-dimensional scaling projects a full collection of cortical surface representations into...
This paper proposes a method for automatic 3D segmentation of human brain CT scans using data mining techniques. The brain scans are processed in 2D and 3D. The proposed method has several steps - image pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction from segments, data mining, and post-processing. The method introduced is implemented in 3D image processing extension for the RapidMiner platform,...
Identification, analysis, and treatment of potential risk in surgical workflow are the key to decrease medical errors in operating room. For the automatic analysis of recorded surgical information, this study reports multichannel audio visual recording system, and its review and analysis system. Motion in operating room is quantified using video file size without motion tracking. Conversation among...
Machine learning is a powerful paradigm to analyze proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy 1H-MRS spectral data for the classification of brain tumor pathologies. An important characteristic of this task is the high dimensionality of the involved data sets. In this work we apply filter feature selection methods on three types of 1H-MRS spectral data: long echo time, short echo time and an ad hoc combination...
To investigate the effects of video game playing on attentional capacity and visual skills, we measured cerebral oxygenation using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a measure of prefrontal brain activity.
Several researches have been done to identify visual system characteristics. Some of them are based on the processing of the brain signal recordings. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are electrical signals which are produced in response to the visual stimuli and recorded by means of electrodes placed on the head. These signals are usually characterized by the amplitude and latency of their peaks. Different...
Research in brain-computer interface (BCI) has significantly increased during the last few years. In addition to their initial role as assisting devices for the physically challenged, BCIs are now proposed for a wider range of applications. As in any HCI application, BCIs can also benefit from adapting their operation to the emotional state of the user. BCIs have the advantage of having access to...
Chunking is a unifying information-processing mechanism in human cognition and plays an important role in problem solving. In the present experiment, we use a Chinese character chunking task to explore the neural basis of the goal-oriented chunking, which were classified into loose chunking and tight chunking. The behavioral result confirmed our prediction that the tight chunking was more difficult...
Analyzing physiological brain responses to external stimuli helps neuroscientists to elucidate human behaviour and, more generally improves knowledge of neurological patients profile. It is well known that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can provide important information when stimulating sensorimotor or cognitive functions in humans. In this paper we present a software tool supporting...
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we have researched the variation in response magnitude, in each visual areas (V1-V3), as a function of visual retintotopic areas (V1-V3) and temporal frequency (TF). Each visual area was identified in each subject using a combination of retinotopic mapping fMRI and cortical flattening techniques. A checkerboard was used as the stimulus in the study...
The visual and tactile perceptual integration is the important function for performing recognition of the object characteristic like size using vision information and tactile sense information concurrently. When judging an object simultaneously using vision and tactile sense, compatible sensation or incompatible sensation is between visual sensation and tactile sensation. In order to clarify the difference...
A great mystery is how the brain abstracts during the process of development. It is also unclear how motor actions alter cortical representation. The architecture theory introduced here indicates that for each cortical area, the bottom-up space and top-down space are two sources of its representation-bridge representation which embeds manifolds of both spaces into a single space. A bridge representation...
The efficient coding hypothesis posits that sensory processing increases independence between neural responses to natural stimuli by removing their statistical redundancy reflective of the structure present in the natural environment. While there is consensus on the role of the statistical structure of the physical environment in shaping the natural input to the sensory system, it is not well understood...
A brain-computer interface (BCI) provides the possibility to translate brain neural activity patterns into control commands without user's movement. The brain activity is most commonly measured non-invasively via standard electroencephalography (EEG), i.e., with electrodes placed on the surface of the scalp. In this article, we evaluate a BCI system based on steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs)...
On the basis of synchronous oscillation in the visual cortex and synchronized responses to external stimuli, we have proposed a complete neural computational model of visual information processing, which consists of multiscale filtering, phase synchronization, and inner-product formation. In the model, firing-spike trains are topologically mapped from the retina to the cortex V1 and are synchronously...
Video game playing is an attractive form of entertainment among school-age children. Although this activity has many adverse effects on child development, there have been only a few studies examining the biological effects of video games on brain activity. The aims of this study were i) to investigate effects of video game playing on attentional capacity and visual skills ii) to relate training induced...
In this study we have investigated the potential of using visual attention as a control-method for Brain-Computer-Interfaces (BCI). We show using high-field (7T) fMRI that subjects can control their visuospatial attention and that the BOLD effect is strong enough to base a reliable control-signal on. The strength and location of activation was determined for six subjects. In an additional experiment...
Both text and figure are important ways to represent data and information. Although many investigations on lexical, sentential representation and processing have been reported in cognitive neuroscience, the brain mechanism remains unclear on different neural substrates of representation and processing between text and figure. In our study, experimental materials were designed with the same content...
Human area V1 offers an excellent opportunity to study, using functional MRI, a range of properties in a specific cortical visual area, whose borders are defined objectively and convergently by retinotopic criteria. Previous fMRI studies in V1 retinotopic are typically used central and/or peri-central visual field stimulus. The retinotopic characteristics on human peripheral vision are still not well...
Visual orienting attention is well researched by using a visual cue. The spatial attention and the temporal attention have been compared by the brain-imaging data [Coull, J. T., Nobre, A. C. Where and When to pay attention: the neural systems for directing attention to spatial locations and to time intervals as revealed by both PET and fMRI. Journal of Neuroscience, 1998, 18, 7426-7435]. We developed...
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