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Currently, battery electric vehicles are the most popular EV commercially available. However, there is a growing interest for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCVs) because the latest battery technologies do not ensure a comparable range to that of conventional vehicles. Nevertheless, due to the unidirectional nature of energy transformation in a FCV, auxiliary storage systems are necessary to recover...
This paper treats the sizing and Energy Management (EM) of Fuel Cell/battery source for automotive application. The fuel cell system is used as the main source and batteries pack is the auxiliary one. A bidirectional DC/DC converter is used to connect the batteries to the DC bus and a DC/DC boost converter associates the fuel cell stack with DC link. A sizing algorithm is developed to determine the...
Energy storage is getting more important because of the demand in energy usage for green application. Electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle and electric vessel are rapidly emerged and represent new mobility to be developed for this century. To enable such development, good energy storage devices besides battery and super-capacitor are needed seriously. New battery management system, balancing...
This paper presents the design of an efficient energy management strategy (EMS) for fuel cell hybrid vehicle (FCHV). The studied hybrid system is composed of fuel cell/ultracapacitor (FC/UC) source allowing increasing both the power capability and the energy capacity of FCHV. The designed EMS uses a wavelet approach to share the power flow between energy generation by sources and traction load. This...
This research aims at developing an active energy management system for an experimental platform of the multi-energy-source electric vehicle (EV). The main purposes are to deal with the shortages of long charging time, short battery life cycles, and insufficient mileage of EVs. Hence, this research was separated into three segments: (1) active power distribution hardware, and (2) performance verification...
Pure Electric vehicle power supply system includes two types: single power supply system and hybrid power supply system. Control scheme of EV's hybrid power supply system is especially important since it determines system performances and life of every power supply and further impacts on EV's whole performances. As a key technology of electric vehicles (EV), researches of electric power system have...
Fuel cell is a promising electric vehicle power supply, but has disadvantages of poor dynamic performance and short service life. To solve the disadvantage, a method of hybrid power supply of fuel cell and super capacitor is adopted in the dynamic process, the super capacitor helps fuel cell enter the steady state. In this paper, the topology of the whole system is introduced, which use two DC/DC...
The paper concerns the dimensioning of “zero” emission power-train architecture of an urban electrical mini-bus fed by a hybrid power unit based on hydrogen fuel-cells and a flywheel energy storage system. Performance numerical analyses are carried out by using fuel-cell experimental data and by modeling the mini-bus running along a L'Aquila city (Italy) urban drive cycle, experimentally tested in...
This paper deals with the integration of the electric power-conditioning interface to the Fuel Cell (FC) module for embedded electric power generation. Specifically, the current study aims to propose an adequate control strategy to achieve a high efficiency of a compact 20kW DC/DC PEMFC output multiphase converter based on new wide-bandgap technology devices. The proposed control strategy is based...
The actual trend in automotive is to reduce as much as possible pollution caused by motor vehicle emissions. This could be achieved by using electrical propulsion systems which usually contains: electrical machine, three phase voltage source inverter (VSI), voltage supply system. The main problem of the full electric vehicles represents the autonomy due to low energy capacity of batteries. This issue...
This paper presents an LPV/H∞ control strategy applied to power source coordination on board of average-power electric vehicles. The proposed approach concerns frequency separation of responses between three power sources in order to satisfy power demand of vehicle's electrical motor, taking into account that sources are expected to work within distinct frequency ranges. The three sources - fuel cell,...
In this paper, the performance analysis of the ANN (Artificial Neural Network) based fuel cell powered electric vehicle is investigated for the two popular drive cycles such as M-UDDS and M-NEDC. The complex mathematical model of the fuel cell system is substituted with the black box neural network model that provides an appropriate mapping between the input and output parameters. The performance...
This paper presents the design of a power management simulator of an electric vehicle with auxiliary fuel cell and wind energy sources. The power system of the electric vehicle consists of a 1-kW hydrogen fuel cell and a 2-kW LiFePO4 battery. The supply of the system power is managed by a power management unit. Normally, the LiFePO4 battery is the main power of the electric vehicle with light load...
The studies on energy management and optimization are still at an early stage. The energy management of a fuel cell (FC) hybrid vehicle supported with a storing device such as batteries or supercapacitors, is a challenge. Indeed, regardless of the followed route, the available power must be distributed among the various components, in order to minimize hydrogen consumption and increase their life...
This paper presents a flatness control algorithm for a DC hybrid power sources used in Electric Vehicle (EV). The studied hybrid sources is composed by both electric sources, the first one is PEM fuel cell as the main sources, and the second one is supercapacitors pack considered as the auxiliary source. The load is connected directly in the DC link. The control algorithm is based on the flatness...
The credentials of fuel cell (FC) as an alternative source for electric vehicle are not encouraged by many due to its high cost and slow dynamics. Moreover, due to slow dynamics of FC dominated by temperature of fuel delivery system, fast load demand will cause a large voltage drop in a short time, which is recognized as a fuel starvation phenomenon. To overcome this problem, an energy storage system...
Fuel cell vehicle was featured with no pollution. And the energy conversion efficiency of its fuel cell was 2∼3 times higher than that of internal combustion engine. So, from the energy utilization and environment protection perspectives, fuel cell vehicle would be the ideal vehicle type in the future. The development status of fuel cell vehicles were discussed in this paper from the following aspects,...
Based on the development of a pluggable fuel cell range extender, the differences between Range Extender System and battery as Peak Shaving System (PPS) for fuel cell hybrid system are analyzed in this paper. The key component selection and matching such as fuel cell system, DC/DC converter etc are also disscussed. At the end of this paper, the combined simulation is used to test and verify the range...
This paper presents the utilization of energy storage device composed of supercapacitor bank for future electric vehicles with a hydrogen fuel cell (FC) as the main power source. The study mainly focuses on the innovative control law based-on flatness properties for fuel cell/supercapacitor hybrid power source. Utilizing the flatness principle, we propose simple solutions to the hybrid energy management...
In order to satisfy the growing expectation for energy-efficient ecofriendly transportation, a number of vehicle concepts have emerged, including the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and battery electric vehicle. Vehicle dynamics necessitate careful sizing of onboard energy storage systems. As the penetration of electric vehicles, in both the public and private sector increases, the requirement to facilitate...
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