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The so-called Ring Road approach leverages low-cost LEO satellites and delay-tolerant networking (DTN) technologies to transfer data between different ground stations and, thus, renders cost-efficient worldwide communication possible. Applying DTN protocols to LEO satellite networks is a perfect fit. Nevertheless, there are central gaps in the state of the art in the context of this type of infrastructure:...
Over the last decade, Delay-Tolerant Networking (DTN) has evolved from a new idea to a set of ready-to-use specifications and implementations. Substantial research and development efforts have been devoted to enabling new forms of communication via these solutions in contexts not addressed by earlier communication approaches. A few years ago, the Ring Road concept has been proposed as a potential...
Driving means frequently changing location. This, is in turn, means a regular need for information on the current location and specifically for data on the surrounding traffic And there is necessitate of Technique for handling the network connection during the multi-hop data exchange between road side unit and vehicle(V2I) and between vehicles (V2V). Although need for information relate to the close...
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an exterior gateway classless path vector routing protocol. It is a routing protocol operated to exchange routing information among different autonomous system over the internet. BGP hold multitudinous unprotected security, since it works with the received information from neighboring routers which could be wrong sometime. Routing is the backbone of any network, the...
Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is considered as a special application of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) in road traffic, which can autonomously organize networks without infrastructure. VANETs enable vehicles on the road to communicate with each other and with road infrastructure using wireless capabilities. In the last few years, extensive research has been performed to extend Internet connectivity...
In the near future vehicular networks (VANETs) based on wireless technology will be part of our daily lives. VANETs enable vehicles that are not necessarily within the same transmission range to communicate with each other. They also allow vehicles to connect to Roadside Units (RSUs), which are connected to the Internet, forming a backbone mesh that offers the capability of communicating with each...
One of the essential usage of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications is to provide road traffic information to vehicle drivers for road safety and efficient drive. For this usage, it is necessary to integrate geographical routing mechanisms in vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) into ITS applications. In this paper, we design and implement an ITS application which relies on IPv6 GeoNetworking;...
This paper designs a new scheme based on Controlled Vehicular Internet Access (CVIA), a protocol that divides a straight road into several segments. To avoid hidden nodes and reduce unnecessary CTS/RTS, vehicles send the packet to the road side unit (RSU) segment by segment. The features of CVIA include its high end-to-end throughput and fairness between road segments. However, a significant problem...
In this paper, we propose a new intersection-based geographical routing protocol, called delay tolerant routing protocol (DTRP) that adapts to the changes in the local topology within city environments. DTRP is based on an effective selection of road intersections through which a packet must pass to reach the gateway to the Internet. The selection, in such delay tolerant VANETs, is made in a way that...
The delivery of IP packets to a set of elements lying within a designated geographical area, also known as geocasting, is an important aspect in vehicular networks. Geocast messages can be used, for instance, to warn drivers about road conditions (e.g., weather hazards) and therefore prevent accidents. In order for geocasting to work on the Internet, IP addresses must be associated with geographical...
Various information delivery schemes based on store-carry-forward routing with extensions have been studied as part of efforts to support non-real-time communications in sparse or intermittent networks. However, communication service schemes that cover large areas based solely on store-carry-forward technology have previously been considered impractical because the delay time for message delivery...
The ability to realize an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) to improve driver safety has attracted huge interests from researchers this decade. Vehicular Communication covering vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication supported by ITS provide ubiquitous internet connectivity among the vehicles to improve safety for drivers. In addition to carrying driver safety...
In the Internet of the future, a flexible, dynamic combination of wireless and wired access networks is expected to be a key driver for enlarging the broadband communication service area. However, in general, the number of broadband wireless access points is limited due to their cost, and hence, they cannot cover the whole network. On the other hand, various message delivery schemes based on store-carry-forward...
Current routing or navigation applications can be improved by including up-to-date traffic information such as traffic volume, congestions, construction, and so on. In order to make such near real-time data readily available, there is still a very important need for standards and associated technologies within spatial data infrastructures (SDIs). This need was addressed within the Open Geospatial...
With the significant development of wireless technologies, vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) has gradually become the killing application for automobile industry. Many VANET systems have been developed in recent years. However, the majority of them have the assumption that all or most vehicles have wireless communication devices installed along with an elaborate road side infrastructure. This assumption...
Wireless mesh network (WMN) has become a popular access network architecture. But because of its multi-hop nature, co-channel interference and contention, the attainable capacity of a wireless node in a WMN is significantly less than the radio capacity. We propose a overlay architecture for a WMN, where a wireless-ring (WRing) is deployed over the regular mesh for carrying wireless mesh traffic only...
Since the globe is connected tightly by internet, to react the disruption of internet services efficiently and fairly is very important, especially for those real time transactions. However, there is a lack of literature about it. To our best knowledge, this paper is the first try to explore issues under such conditions. A framework, which consists of the traffic rerouting programming, the capacity...
In this article, we propose a general-purpose disaster support system based on generalized (multiplicatively-weighted order-k Minkowski-metric) Voronoi diagrams. The proposed system is capable of handling disasters (or emergency units) having different weights in the complete order from 1 to k in the three popular Minkowski metrics (Euclidean, Manhattan and Maximum distance space). The proposed model...
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