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Many manufacturers engaging in direct sales online face channel competition and conflict with traditional retailers. This paper studies a two-staged supply chain composed of a manufacturer, a retailer, and consumers with different aesthetic preferences. The manufacturer distributes a standard product via the conventional retailer. In addition, it offers a spectrum of customized products directly online...
With the development of global economic integration, competition between enterprises has evolved to competition between supply chains. It is not enough for enterprise to focus on supply chain performance of its own, because neglecting behavior of rival, decision often deviates from optimal strategy, which can result in failure in competition. We studied the price competition of two-echelon supply...
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