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During the past decade, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) has been enormously used in various fields such as military, environmental and traffic monitoring, home monitoring, medical, space and undersea exploration. These applications require deployment of sensors which detect or sense data from environment and relay this information to the base station or central unit. The sensors operate autonomously...
In recent years, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become valuable assets to both the commercial and military communities with applications ranging from industrial control on a factory floor to reconnaissance of a hostile border. A typical WSN topology that applies to most applications allows sensors to act as data sources that forward their measurements to a central sink or base station (BS)....
In recent years, the use of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been tremendous increased in various fields such as military, environmental, medical, home monitoring and disaster management. In such applications large numbers of nodes are deployed, these nodes work independently and often remain unattended. These nodes sense the data from the environment and communicate the same to the sink or base...
Wireless Sensor Network is an emerging technology which can significantly reduce the cost and the time needed to monitor the conditions of civil structures. This work presents W-TREMORS, a new wireless sensing system for high-frequency distributed data acquisition. Our sensor network is based on the low-power and low-data rate standard IEEE 802.15.4, and we used inexpensive hardware. Nevertheless,...
A method of precise time synchronization of wireless sensors employing an IEEE 802.15.4 transceiver, and specifically employing the 6LoWPAN protocol, was developed. It uses the IEEE 1588 synchronization standard and the IEEE 1451.5 Smart Transducer Data standard. A Wireless Transducer Interface Module (WTIM) was designed and fabricated. It utilizes the IEEE 802.15.4 transceiver model TI CC2430 which...
In recent years, many time synchronization protocols for wireless sensor networks are presented and reducing the number of synchronous data packets in transmission has become a new research breakthrough. In this paper, the nodes with amount of power held are placed in different areas where the two nodes may exchange the synchronization information. This way does not only efficiently use of energy...
Due to limited network resources for sensing, communication and computation, information quality (IQ) in a wireless sensor network (WSN) depends on the algorithms and protocols for managing such resources. In this paper, for target tracking application in WSNs consisting of active sensors (such as ultrasonic sensors) in which normally a sensor senses the environment actively by emitting energy and...
We propose a new type of wireless sensor network system named die-hard sensor network. Conceptually, this system performs continuous monitoring without any maintenance, even if some sensor nodes die. A significant difference between our system and the ordinary wireless sensor networks is that each sensor node in our system should have an automatic sensing-function alternation mechanism in addition...
In spite of the huge recent research effort in the field, energy efficiency remains one of the key issues in wireless communications. The area most affected by energy inefficiency is wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this paper we propose SESAM - a distributed MAC protocol, which, making use of application level information to predict future transmission instants between nodes, achieves an exceptional...
Energy efficiency is a primordial issue in the wireless sensor networks. This is achieved by deactivating nodes when possible. In this paper we describe the MAC protocol MaCARI that synchronizes nodes in order to schedule active and inactive periods. MaCARI divides time into three periods: a synchronization period, a scheduled activities period where communications are constrained by a tree and an...
Sink mobility has become an increasingly important requirement of various sensor network applications. Handling such mobile sink conditions brings new challenges to large-scale sensor networking. This investigation proposed a hybrid-structure routing protocol (HSRP) that combines the benefits of grid-based and cluster-based structures. Grid-based structure is designed to solve the cluster head selection...
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