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Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that recently has been used to measure changes in cerebral blood oxygenation associated with brain activity. Numbers of research groups have applied general linear model (GLM) based method to analyze the NIRS data. However, classical GLM based method cannot provide on-line analysis. Therefore, its usage is constrained in processing...
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to study changes in cerebral blood oxygenation during a verbal fluency task. Five right-handed male volunteers matched on demographic variables and verbal fluency performance participated in the study. Images were acquired over 5 minutes at 1.5 T while the subjects performed two tasks. The first involved paced silent generation of words beginning...
This paper presents our empirical results by using 32 channel NIRS system to examine the changes in oxygenation in regions of prefrontal cortex. Four healthy subjects participated in the experiment by performing various cognitive tasks such as mathematical, imaginary and computer game. The concentration levels in oxyHb and deoxyHb varied depending on subject's mental workload as a result we could...
Ongoing research during the past few years, envisions the development of an integrated functional imaging methodology to study brain function in-vivo and ex-vivo through a multi-modal, multi-spectral approach using non-ionizing radiation to provide combined functional information from molecule to tissue level. The scope of this research is threefold: (a) provide non-invasive, non-ionizing functional...
Tissue blood oxygen is one critical parameter in clinical practice, which represents the oxygen supply of regional tissue. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a new noninvasive technique, which can be used to measure blood oxygen saturation and hemoglobin at real time. Oximeter based on this technique can monitor tissue oxygenation in regional tissues such as human brain, muscle and flap. This paper...
Two experiments were conducted to investigate the relation between changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during listening to music and the impression of that music. As an indicator of rCBF, the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (oxy-Hb) was adopted, as measured using near-infrared spectroscopy. In all, eight subjects participated in Experiment 1: we compared effects of music and noise played...
We investigated the relationship between strategy variations in skill acquisition and the use of prefrontal cortex. We used a computerized mirror drawing task in which the participants repeated tracing a star-shape displayed on a computer monitor using a joystick. Changes of the cerebral blood flow were measured by near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS). Performance measures were traced lengths and the...
To investigate the relationships between neuronal activity and hemodynamics, regional changes of hemoglobin concentration associated with cortical activation in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) to the electrical stimulation were investigated by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). We measured the hemodynamic evoked responses to the electrical stimuli of some intensities applied on the right thumb...
To investigate the relationship between neuronal activity and hemodynamics, we carried out a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) study to measure the regional changes of hemoglobin concentration associated with cortical activation in the human sensorimotor cortex (SMI) to both voluntary and nonvoluntary tasks. We measured the hemodynamic evoked responses to voluntary finger movement and nonvoluntary...
The frontal cortex is the part of the brain that relates to higher brain functions, such as logical thinking and emotion. As part of the development of a brain-computer interface, we tested whether the frontal cortex reacts differently in people as they performed three different cognitive tasks. The reaction of the cortex was tested using near-infrared spectroscopy. Our preliminary research results...
Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure oxy-hemoglobin concentration ([HbO2]), deoxy-hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), total hemoglobin concentration ([HbT]), oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SO2), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and cerebral blood volume (CBV). The purpose of this study was to find how these parameters changed when adults were excited, scared or waked by sensory stimulations. The...
The assessment of cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR) is a valuable tool for the early detection of risk condition in healthy subjects and for the non-invasive bedside evaluation of patients. Typically, cerebral hemodynamics assessment is performed in correspondence of CO2 reactivity. We studied the VMR of a population of young healthy non-smokers (n=10, age 27 plusmn 4.1) and healthy smokers (n=4,...
Brain imaging technology employing near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has great potential in various applications to daily life, by virtue of offering handy equipment and an easy measurement method. In this paper, we propose a novel application of NIRS to evaluation of feeling. As compared with an electroencephalogram, the NIRS offers easier attachment of probes on the scalp, because it does not require...
Near-infrared spectroscopy is a non-invasive optical method used to detect functional activation of the cerebral cortex. Cognitive, visual, auditory and motor tasks are among the functions that have been investigated by this technique in the context of optical brain computer interfacing. In order to determine whether the optical response is due to a stimulus, it is essential to identify and reduce...
The noninvasive study of tissue blood volume and oxygenation using near-infrared light is a new and actively developing technology. We have used near-infrared spectroscopic imaging (NIRSI) to study hemodynamic responses on the auditory cortices evoked by auditory stimulation. Ten healthy newborn infants were studied. The otoacoustic emission hearing test was performed for each infant. Pulse oximetry...
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