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This research proposes a reliable machine learning based computational solution for human detection. The proposed model is specifically applicable for illumination-variant natural scenes in big data video frames. In order to solve the illumination variation problem, a new feature set is formed by extracting features using histogram of gradients (HoG) and linear phase quantization (LPQ) techniques,...
It is well-known that the precision of data, weight vector, and internal representations employed in learning systems directly impacts their energy, throughput, and latency. The precision requirements for the training algorithm are also important for systems that learn on-the-fly. In this paper, we present analytical lower bounds on the precision requirements for the commonly employed stochastic gradient...
This paper describes an algorithm that parallelizes support vector machines. The data is split into subsets and optimized separately with multiple SVMs, instead of analyzing the whole training set in one optimization step. The partial results are combined and filtered in a cascade of SVMs. The process terminates when the global optimum is reached. The Cascade SVM is spread over multiple processors...
Most of the intrusion detection systems analyze all network traffic features to identify intrusions with different classification techniques. Any intrusion detection model developed has to provide maximum accuracy with minimal false alarms. Identifying the optimal feature subset for classification is an important task for improved classification. In this paper, consistency based feature selection...
This paper reviews the comparative performance of Support Vector Machine (SVM) using four different kernels, i.e., Linear, Polynomial, Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Sigmoid. Overall accuracy (OA), Kappa Index Analysis (KIA), Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Precision (P) have been considered as evaluation parameters in order to assess the predictive accuracy of SVM. Both high resolution...
Email is a rapid and cheap communication medium for sending and receiving information where spam is becoming a nuisance for such communication. A good spam filtering cannot only be achieved by high performance accuracy but low false positive is also necessary. This paper presents a combining classifiers approach with committee selection mechanism where the main objective is to combine individual decisions...
Support vector machines (SVMs) have been recognized as a potential tool for supervised classification analyses in different domains of research. In essence, SVM is a binary classifier. Therefore, in case of a multiclass problem, the problem is divided into a series of binary problems which are solved by binary classifiers, and finally the classification results are combined following either the one-against-one...
For hyperspectral image classification, feature extraction is a crucial pre-process for avoiding the Hughes phenomena. Some feature extraction methods such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA), nonparametric weighted feature extraction (NWFE), and their kernel versions, generalized discriminant analysis (GDA) and kernel nonparametric weighted feature extraction method (KNWFE) have been shown that...
Band selection is an effective solutions for dimensionality reduction in hyperspectral imagery. In this paper, a novel band weighting and selection method is proposed based on maximizing margin in support vector machine (SVM). The goal is to reduce high dimensionality if hyperspectral data while achieving accuracy classification performance. This method computes the weights of the samples to maximize...
We propose a superpixel-based composite kernel framework for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. Composite kernel methods can utilize both the spectral and the spatial information for the HSI classification. However, setting the optimal spatial neighborhood for different spatial structures is a non-trivial issue. In order to adaptively exploit the spatial contextual information, we utilize superpixel...
Hyperspectral imaging enables detailed ground cover classification with hundreds of spectral bands at each pixel. Rich spectral information can be a drawback since supervised classification of a hyperspectral image requires a balance between the number of training samples and its dimension. Achieving this balance requires a large number of training or ground truth samples, which is generally difficult,...
Positive and unlabeled learning (PUL) algorithm, an one-class classifier which is trained by positive samples and unlabeled samples, has been used in remote sensing classification. However, the effect of training strategy of PUL has not been investigated. This study tested the performances of PUL-SVM on cropland mapping by Landsat TM data using the training samples with different sizes and different...
The performance of pattern classifiers depends on the separability of the classes in the feature space — a property related to the quality of the descriptors — and the choice of informative training samples for user labeling — a procedure that usually requires active learning. This work is devoted to improve the quality of the descriptors when samples are superpixels from remote sensing images. We...
Many research shows that we will encounter the Highes phenomenon when dealing with the high-dimensional data classification problem. In addition, non-linear support vector machine (SVM) has been shown that it can conquer the problem efficiently. However, the SVM is a black-box model based on the whole features and does not provide the feature importance or “good” feature subset for classification...
In the article a vision system for shape and colour recognition of dishes (plates, bowls, mugs), which can be used to automate the process of customer service in a self-service canteen is described. In consists of three basic components: object segmentation using so-called background model subtraction, shape recognition using geometric invariant moments and SVM classifier, as well as colour recognition...
Breast cancer is one from various diseases that has got great attention in the last decades. This due to the number of women who died because of this disease. Segmentation is always an important step in developing a CAD system. This paper proposed an automatic segmentation method for the Region of Interest (ROI) from breast thermograms. This method is based on the data acquisition protocol parameter...
The paper presents a concise report on the comparison of the classifiers k-NN and SVM in the case of a fuzzy classification of the arterio-venous fistula based on audio recordings. What has been used in the studies are the acoustic signals taken from both healthy patients as well as those diagnosed with the narrowing of a fistula in a mild and major degree of stenosis. In the publication there have...
This paper presents regional Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers with a spatial model for object detection. The conventional SVM maps all the features of training examples into a feature space, treats these features individually, and ignores the spatial relationship of the features. The regional SVMs with a spatial model we propose in this paper take into account a 3-dimentional relationship...
The two classical steps of image or video classification are: image signature extraction and assignment of a class based on this image signature. The class assignment rule can be learned from a training set composed of sample images manually classified by experts. This is known as supervised statistical learning. The well-known Support Vector Machine (SVM) learning method was designed for two classes...
The demand of human identification in a non-intrusive manner has risen increasingly in recent years. Several works have already been done in this context using gait-cycle detection from human skeleton data using Microsoft Kinect as a data capture sensor. In this paper we have proposed a novel method for automatic human identification in real time using the fusion of both supervised and unsupervised...
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