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Researchers have argued that specialization within groups yields productivity gains. We evaluate this statement with a focus on groups of Ph.D. students. Using an established technique in computer science called Latent Dirichlet Allocation, we construct a novel measure of the dispersion of Ph.D. students’ research interests based on their dissertation abstracts. We then relate this measure to Ph.D...
In recent years, the role that knowledge plays in the development of nations has been widely debated in the literature. Not only knowledge has been viewed as an important factor of production, but also as an important source of wealth. As a consequence, the challenges facing nations today, including Muslim countries, are measured in their capabilities to absorb, apply and create knowledge. The aim...
Poverty remains amongst the most important challenges facing Muslim countries today. Although poverty is a relative concept, in economics, it is measured as the income required to meet an individual's basic needs. On average, a Muslim earns about US$2000 per annum or less than half of the world average. Almost one third of Muslims live on less than US$2 a day reflecting the extent of deprivation and...
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