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Properties of bio-oil from alga fast pyrolysis were studied based on the molecular distillation. The composition of bio-oil and fractions was analyzed by GC-MS, and the thermal behavior of evaporation and decomposition was investigated using TG-FTIR. Fast pyrolysis of alga obtained a bio-oil yield of 20.54 % and a char yield of 31.12 % due to its low cellulose and hemicellulose content, and high lignin...
In the straw biogas fermentation with high concentration, ratio of nitrogen and amount of seeding material have significant effect. Experiments show that gas production is very high in early time when the urea addition level is 2.5% or 3.0%, but the methane content of gas is less than 45%. when the urea proportion is 3.5%, the gas production curve is gently, the fermentation starting time is short...
This document reports the development of a technical and economical study related to the use of a renewable energy source - biomass for electricity and heat production. It is a hybrid and autonomous system with solar PV panels and environment friendly process aiming the reduction of energy demand, costs and emissions. This energy model is a new sustainable standard about efficiency consumption energy...
The rice husk briquette fuel option is found to be the most environment friendly in the study area compared to wood fuel, natural gas and kerosene. The annual saving of CO2 is found to be 16.42 ?? 103 tonne by using 100% briquette fuel instead of 100% wood fuel (non-sustainable source) in the study area that would be US$197.04 ?? 103 worth annually. The cost of CO2 reduction is found to be -0.77 US$/ton...
Energy shortage, soaring oil prices, and climate change stimulate the research and development of alternative energy resources to sustain economic growth. Biofuels, such as biodiesel and biomass-based alcohol fuels, are examples of such alternatives. However, whether these energy alternatives can achieve commercial success highly depends on how sustainable they are. This paper reports an on-going...
Pro-Alcool the National Alcohol Program began in 1975 and was a government financed program, developed on account of the petrol crisis of 1973, and fortified due to the second impact of 1979. This program aimed to substitute gasoline with ethanol from sugar cane on a grand scale, thereby reducing the dependence on imported petroleum. During the decades to follow, as the international price of petrol...
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