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Properties of bio-oil from alga fast pyrolysis were studied based on the molecular distillation. The composition of bio-oil and fractions was analyzed by GC-MS, and the thermal behavior of evaporation and decomposition was investigated using TG-FTIR. Fast pyrolysis of alga obtained a bio-oil yield of 20.54 % and a char yield of 31.12 % due to its low cellulose and hemicellulose content, and high lignin...
Biomass energy is a renewable and potential resource. In order to research the conversion of cornstalk biomass (the agricultural residues) into the fuel methanol and the effective utilization of biomass energy, the low-heat-value cornstalk gas was produced by means of the thermo-chemical method in the down-flow fixed bed gasifier. The cornstalk gas was purified and the technical procedures such as...
Different kinds of biomass chars of the wheat straws, rice straw, cotton straw collected at Nanjing, China, were pyrolysed in a fixed bed reactor at different temperatures and heating rates. The specific area and pore structure, micromorphology of different biomass chars were measured by a nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis instrument and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The...
In developing countries, more than 1.5 million deaths are caused per year by air pollution resulting from the use of wood, dung, coal, and other traditional fuels used for household energy that is used by approximately 3 billion of the world's population. The unsustainable use of wood for fuel has negative impacts on both the local and global environment. Biogas technology, which produces methane...
The pyrolytic decomposition study of four species of lignocellulosic biomass (pine, poplar, bass and birch) from the Northeast China was carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under the temperature range from 30 to 800??C in the N2 atmosphere at four heating rates (??) of 10,20,40 and 60??C/min. The non-isothermal weight loss process of the above biomass samples was mainly composed of dehydration,...
Carboxylic acids were attributed to the corrosivity of bio-oil and catalytic esterification was carried out to convert carboxylic acids and reduce the bio-oil corrosivity. After upgrading by esterification with propanol on a developed catalyst, the upgraded bio-oil had a higher heating value and lower carboxylic acids content. The carboxylic acids content in the Volatile fraction of Bio-Oil (VBO)...
The gasification technology is now considered to be in an advanced stage of development. Hence there is huge expectation from the user industry for its application. Gasification is a process that converts carbonaceous materials, such as coal, petroleum, or biomass, into carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reacting the raw material at high temperatures with a controlled amount of oxygen. The resulting...
Biomass energy is a kind of renewable resources. After using the prototyping machine to press bio-energy into block in ordinary temperature, it can be used as a fuel. This paper introduces the working principle and system function of the two-way extrusion biomass fuel hydraulic prototyping machine. The control core of the system is AT89S51. This paper also described the design of the hardware and...
This document reports the development of a technical and economical study related to the use of a renewable energy source - biomass for electricity and heat production. It is a hybrid and autonomous system with solar PV panels and environment friendly process aiming the reduction of energy demand, costs and emissions. This energy model is a new sustainable standard about efficiency consumption energy...
This paper presents the latest development in the velocity measurement of pulverized coal and biomass fuels in pneumatic pipelines using electrostatic sensors in combination with correlation signal processing techniques. A comparative study of electrostatic sensors with circular and rod electrodes was conducted on a 94mm bore horizontal pipeline feeding a 4 MW industrial scale furnace. Experimental...
Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) has been suggested as an energy efficient method for CO2 capture without extra energy cost for the separation of CO2. In CLC oxygen is transferred from the combustion air to fuel by means of an oxygen carrier. The fuel and the combustion air are never mixed, and the combustion products (CO2 and steam) are kept separate from the flue gas. After condensation of the...
The present paper will give an introduction to the work within the Cluster of Excellence (CoE) "Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass (TMFB)", funded by the German research foundation to research on fuels from biomass for the next generation. The fluid properties of these new fuels differ a lot from conventional fuels. The paper will show the approach for finding technical solutions to deal with...
The experiment on smoldering gasification in woody biomass has been carried out with a horizontal packed bed. Gas chromatography is employed to analyze the concentration of CH4, H2, CO, CO2 and O2 in gas products of smoldering gasification. The affects of temperature, moisture concentration and air condition on the flammable compositions of gas products are discussed. It is concluded that gas products...
The rice husk briquette fuel option is found to be the most environment friendly in the study area compared to wood fuel, natural gas and kerosene. The annual saving of CO2 is found to be 16.42 ?? 103 tonne by using 100% briquette fuel instead of 100% wood fuel (non-sustainable source) in the study area that would be US$197.04 ?? 103 worth annually. The cost of CO2 reduction is found to be -0.77 US$/ton...
The objective of this study is to provide an innovation in pyrolysis technology to the recovery of liquid hydrocarbons from biomass solid wastes. A fixed-bed fire-tube heating pyrolysis reactor system has been designed and fabricated considering all of the process parameters and present engineers challenge. The available agricultural waste-jute stick in Bangladesh has been pyrolyzed in the internally...
A well designed hybrid energy system can be cost effective, has a high reliability and can improve the quality of life in remote rural areas. The economic constraints can be met, if these systems are fundamentally well designed, use appropriate technology and make use effective dispatch control techniques. The first part of this tri-series paper, presents the analysis and design of a mixed integer...
This paper explores the issue of sustainable energy from a multi-flux perspective, and has shown clearly that some of the choices being vigorously pursued today, such as bio-fuels, may have significant limits on scalability. While a Bio-Fueled World does not seem to be sustainable, an Inorganically Fueled World, seems to have the potential to be able to scale to meet global needs, without in any way...
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