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The monitoring of oceans and seas is performed with different platforms, some of which profile the water column, measuring temperature and salinity. An important goal of current monitoring activities is the provision of quasi-synoptic four-dimensional maps of water mass properties. Technological platforms such as lagrangian profilers, or autonomous vehicles, have missions that include parking depths...
Ferrybox measurements are carried out in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) in a regular basis since 1997. Routines for data acquisition are developed enabling near real-time data delivery for operational models. Cross-gulf high-resolution temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a fluorescence profiles collected in 2007 are used to describe meso-scale variability of hydrophysical and -biological fields...
The SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) Mission is the second of the ESA's Living Planet Programme Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions and it is scheduled for launch in 2008. Its objective is to provide global and frequent soil moisture (SM) and sea surface salinity (SSS) maps. SMOS' single payload is the Microwave Imaging Radiometer by Aperture Synthesis (MIRAS) sensor, an L-band two-dimensional...
Sea surface salinity can be remotely measured by means of L-band microwave radiometry. However, the brightness temperature also depends on the sea surface temperature and on the sea state, which is probably today one of the driving factors in the salinity retrieval error budgets of the European Space Agency's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission and the NASA-Comision Nacional de Actividades...
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