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The major impediment to accurate airborne repeat-pass differential synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (DInSAR) is compensating for aircraft motion caused by air turbulence. Various motion compensation (MoCo) procedures have been used in the airborne DInSAR processing to acquire reliable deformation mapping. In this paper, we present the use of time-domain backprojection (BP) algorithm for...
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the United States and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) are developing a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mission to map Earth's surface every 12 days, known as the NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) Mission. NISAR has completed its preliminary design and successfully passed its Preliminary Design Review in June 2016. This paper describes the...
In this study, we present a case study of the Slumgullion landslide conducted in July 2015 to demonstrate the feasibility of deformation mapping with an airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system known as ARTEMIS SlimSAR, which is a compact, modular, and multi-frequency radar system. For this study, the L-band SlimSAR was installed on a Cessna 206 aircraft and data were collected on July 3, 7,...
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) methods provide high resolution maps of surface deformation applicable to many scientific, engineering and management studies. Modern spaceborne satellites provide long sequences of observations that we can reduce to many interferograms, which in turn provide the deformation histories of many points on the surface. Here we show how raw radar data, or...
Next Generation Digital Beamforming (DBF) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a technological area being pursued at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Two such systems - DBSAR-2 and EcoSAR-have been recently developed and tested. The new instruments employ advanced architectures characterized by multi-mode operation, software defined waveform generation, digital beamforming, and configurable...
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the United States and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) are developing a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) mission to map Earth's surface every 12 days, known as the NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) Mission. NISAR has two radars sharing a mechanical structure and reflector, one operating at L-band (24 cm wavelength) and the other at S-band...
In this paper, we propose a model-based procedure to estimate the accuracy of Sentinel-1 orbit products by the Multi-Squint (MS) phase. The technique exploits the results of single baseline MS analyses collected for each possible master and slave combination in a stack to estimate the absolute orbit error. Accordingly, as first step we state the geometric model of the InSAR phase and the MS phase...
The second generation Digital Beamforming SAR (DBSAR-2) is a state-of-the-art airborne L-band radar being developed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The instrument employs a 16-channel radar architecture characterized by multi-mode operation, software defined waveform generation, digital beamforming, and configurable radar parameters. The instrument has been design to support several...
In this paper the status of the TanDEM-X science activities, the distribution of the digital elevation mode, the schedule for the science phase and first results obtained from this will be presented. The goal of the TanDEM-X mission is to provide a higher level product (the digital elevation model) and to serve the science community with basic interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar products (a pair...
The accuracy of InSAR baseline measurement or estimation is the key factor of digital elevation model (DEM) generation. A new method of baseline estimation about Newton iteration method was presented in terms of the principle of SAR interferometry. The issue of baseline computation can be examined using the ERS-1/2 C wavelength single look complex (SLC) of April 15 and 16 in 1996, Its validity is...
The performance of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (INSAR)-based objects identifying in sea environment with clutter background is researched by many literatures, but most of them are mainly about detecting dynamic objects, such as ship targets. A new method is presented in this paper, which utilizes SAR image and point target analysis method to identify islands on sea surface in near and...
Wide swath SAR is an important development direction of space-borne SAR, and it has some characters such as wider swath and short interval, so, ScanSAR mode can be used in deformation, especially small deformation in the future. In this paper, on the base of geometry imaging principle, sub swath mosaic method based on co-registering and weight is put forward. In the end, the method is validated by...
Today space-borne high resolution SAR sensors (e.g., TerraSAR-X, TanDEM-X, SAR-Lupe or Cosmo-SkyMed) provide SAR images up to spatial resolutions of 1-3m and even better in spotlight modes. Hence, one major issue of these missions is the development of methods to automatically derive detailed cartographic information from their data. Especially, the analysis of rural and urban areas is on demand in...
Ionospheric signal distortions are commonplace in low-frequency space-borne SAR observations and can lead to the degradation of SAR data quality and data consistency if no signal compensation is applied. In this paper we will give an overview of the problem of ionospheric influence in SAR, PolSAR, and InSAR data. We will characterize the spatiotemporal signal properties of ionospheric signals, introduce...
L'Aquila area has a high topography and complex geological structures, and is covered with thick vegetation and snow in areas of high topography. To monitor the characteristics of crustal deformation in this region before the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake, we apply StaMPS software to analyse 20 descending ASAR images acquired between September 2003 and March 2007 and 39 ascending ASAR images acquired between...
This work deals with the estimation of terrain topography from multi-pass Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry (InSAR), focusing on the case where the variation of the system geometry within the imaged swath is relevant, as in airborne multi-pass interferometric campaigns. The space varying nature of the system geometry gives rise to a major issue in multi-pass InSAR analyses, in that it...
Spaceborne INSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) is an important remote sensing tool for topographic mapping, while there are inevitably shadow areas in Radar images. Shadow area has no radar echo signal or low coherence SNR (signal noise ratio). In this paper, Shadow area percentage estimation according to Radar look angle is proposed. Digital elevation model of natural terrains and ascending...
In this paper, we apply the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) PALSAR data to study the urban subsidence condition in Shanghai, China. The baseline condition, troposphere delay, DEM accuracy mainly limit the capability of PALSAR interferometry, and the influences are evaluated. Six interferograms are analysed in this research, based on D-InSAR technology. We introduce a polynomial to fit the...
Beam synchronization is a key technology for the InSAR system design. The real time antenna beam pointing (ABP) estimation with high precise is necessary to set up and maintain the beam synchronization. In this paper, a method of ABP estimation is presented and its performance is analyzed by using raw data of several space-borne SARs. The simulation experiments of real time ABP estimation on board...
In this paper, we analyse the issue of SAR image co-registration for wide-swath and high-resolution spaceborne InSAR. A solution to this problem is proposed in which three processing procedures are adopted. First, image co-registration pre-processing is performed. There are two methods for this step: one is based on InSAR orbit and radar system parameters, and the other is based on the cross-correlation...
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