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Stricter emission standards are forcing automakers to couple the catalytic converters closer to the engine exhaust. Mounting the catalytic converter (DOC) at or near the exhaust manifold helps to reduce the increase in emission after a cold engine is started. The spike occurs because cold engines require a richer air-fuel mixture to run smoothly. The emission standards can be met only by appropriate...
The insulated oil is used in electricity as a medium for cooling and dielectric in transformers, for cooling and extinguishing the arc in switches, etc. Operating conditions of electrical equipment affect properties of insulated oil causing their aging. Some aspects of electromagnetic field influence on the oxidation of insulating oil are listed below.
Mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) were prepared by heating a medium coal tar pitch at 420degC for 2 hours, with the P-toluene sulphonic acid (PTSA) and the phenyl silicone oil as the catalyst and the reaction medium respectively. After the oxidative stabilization of MCMB, the oxygen content and the number of functional groups are increased, while the micro-crystal structures become worse. However, after...
The ozonizing-biological aerated filter (BAF) process was used to treat the port chemical cabin washing wastewater . According to the characteristics of port chemical cabin washing wastewater with high CODcr, variable quality and complicated composition, the initial pH, the dosage of ozone and catalyzer, the bio-degrade ability of the wastewater, and effect of the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of...
A simple distributed parameter model is proposed for a Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC). This model focuses on the propagation of the inlet temperature variations. The inlet-to-outlet temperature transfer function is computed. Its inversion allows to derive an open-loop control law corresponding to finite-time transitions of the outlet temperature. However, this straightforward strategy has some shortcomings...
Photocatalytic oxidative kinetics of thiophene in n-octane/water extraction system was studied with nano-TiO2 powders as photocatalyst and O2 in air as oxidant. Influence of initial concentration of thiophene and addition of TiO2 on reaction rate constant and half time were investigated. Kinetics equation was founded. The results showed that the approviate addition of TiO2 was 0.1 g in 100 mL reaction...
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