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In Germany large parts of the 110 kV, 220 kV and 380 kV systems were erected between 1960 and 1975. The system was designed with the aim of reducing transmission losses and distances to a minimum. So the power plants were built close to areas with a large consumption. Especially since the liberalization of the energy market in the late 1990s the Transmission System Operators (TSO) have been facing...
Transmission expansion planning corresponds to a very relevant issue that should not be forgotten in the scope of the implementation of market mechanisms in the electricity sector. This paper describes a multicriteria model to perform transmission expansion planning exercises that combines probabilistic models to represent the reliability of system components with fuzzy models to incorporate the uncertainty...
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