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Difference constraints have been used for termination analysis in the literature, where they denote relational inequalities of the form x1 ⩽ y + c, and describe that the value of x in the current state is at most the value of y in the previous state plus some constant c ϵ Z. In this paper, we argue that the complexity of imperative programs typically arises from counter increments and resets, which...
Enterprise architecture involves the use of models for facilitating the communication between stakeholders, which is required for the maintenance of the business/IT alignment. In that sense, the models should provide the necessary information for articulated decision-making, which, in complex scenarios, can result in the overwhelming complexity of the architecture descriptions. The complexity of the...
We consider simple i∗-style goal models with influence (contribution) links and AND/OR refinement (decomposition), and formalize them by translation into three standard logics that are actively studied in AI Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR&R): propositional logic, FOL and description logics (the first formalization is well known). In each case, this provides a semantics for the notation,...
With the increasing complexity and uncertainty in requirements engineering (RE), the impact of power relationships between stakeholders becomes critical to the success of requirements engineering process, especially in requirements negotiation to resolve conflicting requirements. In this paper, we make use of the basic principles of requirements negotiation and define reasoning rules to reason about...
The paper provides general criteria and evidences for the design phase of an interoperable enterprise system. The analysis of interoperability is introduced, to characterize features and criticalities for the subsequent design actions to be undertaken. An axiomatic approach is proposed to this aim, providing general principles to be followed. A simple case study is discussed.
The software product line engineering paradigm is amongst the widely used means for capturing and handling the commonalities and variabilities of the many applications of a target domain. The large number of possible products and complex interactions between software product line features makes the effective testing of them a challenge. To conquer the time and space complexity involved with testing...
This paper presents recommended human-interaction touch points for a data fusion system designed to support intelligence analysis. Touch points were identified to allow analysts to best leverage the fusion system by mapping potential system capabilities to situations where factors that contribute to analysis task complexity are likely to be present. While further effort is required to refine capabilities...
Qualitative reasoning uses incomplete knowledge to compute a description of the possible behaviors for dynamic systems. For standard QSIM algorithm frequently results in a large number of incomprehensible behavioral descriptions and the simulation for complex systems frequently is intractable, model decomposition methods are used to decompose the complex system model into simple sub-models. Qualitative...
Water management arises in the context of social systems where human perceptions form the basis for problem definition. Actors construct various cognitive interpretations of the problem causes, and therefore, preferred solutions and responsibility attribution. Differences in interpretations may lead to conflicts, ambiguity, policy controversies and partial solutions. Thus, it is essential to share...
This paper unpacks the relation between task conflict and relationship task by an exploratory research with a sample of 253 persons to, From which five escalation factors were extracted. They are mentality, relation, self-character, environment, psychological distance. An escalation model of task conflict into relationship conflict is built to show different effects of 5 accelerating factors in the...
In this paper, we introduce the scheme to construct numerical estimate (with possible further verbal assessment) in reference to structural complexity ??(K) of system's model in the form of simplicial complex(-es) K. The approach uses the notion of feature vectors meant for obtaining aforesaid ??(K) based on proximity measures. Additional examination of aspects related to the way humans percept, represent...
Simulators and analyzers for protocols do not distinguish between the local 'subjective' view of the agents and the global 'objective' view of the analysis perspective. In practice this means that security analysis in general and protocol analysis in particular do neither model the agents local beliefs nor their local deduction power in a satisfactory way. This paper suggests a solution to the problem...
Visual tracking of articulated objects in real 3D space is challenging with applications in advanced human–computer interfaces and gesture semantic understanding. In this paper, graphical model, constructing articulated human hand, and NBP algorithm embedded with CAMSHIFT, inferencing hand configuration in 3D space, are applied for visual hand tracking. We also introduce image depth cue captured by...
We address the specification and the formal analysis of systems involving multiple facets. This leads to heterogeneous specifications that cover the different facets of these systems. A method, multifacet specification and analysis, is proposed to master the heterogeneity of systems by considering an abstract reference model that is referred to as a semantic reference for the specific models which...
The size of unified modeling language (UML) models used in practice is very large and ranges up to hundreds and thousands of classes. Querying of these models is used to support their quality assessment by information filtering and aggregating. For both, human cognition and automated analysis, there is a need for fast querying. In this context performance of model queries becomes an important issue...
Knowledge representation is a multidisciplinary subject that needs to apply theories and techniques from logic, ontology and computation. There are a great number of languages able to represent knowledge, among them UML can be considered a suitable language for modelling knowledge. It could be included within the category of visual languages for knowledge representation. On the other hand, numerous...
An important issue to the adoption of any enterprise architectural approach is the availability of tools to support the development, storage, presentation, analysis, improvement and evolution of enterprise architecture representations. As with enterprise architecture methodologies, enterprise architecture tools to support the architectural development process are still emerging. Most important software...
This work applies the theory of knowledge in distributed systems to the design of faulttolerant protocols for problems involving coordinated simultaneous actions in synchronous systems. We give a simple method for transforming specifications of such problems into high-level protocols programmed using explicit tests of whether certain facts are common knowledge. The resulting protocols are optimal...
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