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We present an iterative method for joint antenna-array calibration and direction of arrival estimation using millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) radar operating at 77 GHz. The calibration compensates for antennaarray coupling, and phase and gain errors, and does not require any training data. This method is well suited for applications, such as automotive radars, where multiple antenna elements are packaged...
In this paper, a novel self-calibration method is proposed for uniform rectangular arrays to estimate two-dimensional (2-D) direction of arrival (DOA) in the presence of mutual coupling. By rearranging the perturbed array response in the transform domain, the estimation of 2-D DOA is decoupled from the calibration process, and the aperture loss is avoided as well. Then resorting to the rank reduction...
This paper presents a dual-band compact antenna array for radio localization. The proposed antenna includes two single-band L-Quad subarrays (1710 – 1785 MHz and 2400 – 2480 MHz), each of them comprises three full-polarimetric antennas arranged in an equilateral triangle. One of the main advantages of the antenna investigated is the feature of having two polarizations. With it, it is possible to eliminate...
Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in the presence of mutual coupling and coherent signals is a hard task for arbitrary sensor arrays including uniform circular array (UCA). While the coherent sources can be resolved using spatial smoothing algorithms for uniform linear and rectangular arrays, it cannot be applied to UCA. In this paper, a new technique is proposed for DOA estimation in UCA using...
The aim of this paper is to analyze the coupling between elements in an array designed for direction of arrival (DoA) estimation for different arrangements, using an eigen-analysis approach. When designing an array for applications such as DoA estimation, it is important not only to focus on the antenna performance but also to analyze parameters such as the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB), which will...
In this paper, a novel blind mutual coupling compensation algorithm especially tailored to L-shaped array(simplified as LCAC) is proposed. This method exploits the incident signals to carry out both 2-Dimensional(2-D) direction of arrival estimation and mutual coupling calibration simultaneously. Based on the banded symmetric Toeplitz structure of coupling matrix between sensors in each sub array...
A new decoupling algorithm is proposed to estimate DOA of concentric uniform circular arrays (C-UCA). The new algorithm can calibrates mutual coupling of the inner sub-arrays, compensate for mutual coupling between sub-arrays, and then estimate DOA of signal sources. This algorithm transforms joint problem into cascade problem and gets the parameters by one dimension spectrum peak value searching,...
A precise knowledge of the electromagnetic receiving characteristics of the antenna is mandatory for a precise determination of the directions of the impinging signals. For circular arrays the phase-mode description is an effective way of approximating the receiving characteristics of the antenna elements. For antenna elements, which are mounted in front of a cone-shaped reflector, angular ranges...
This paper presents a nature inspired direction finding technique for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using small aperture array. This approach is based on realistic electromagnetic model for practical antenna arrays and signal model with system noise. Mutual coupling effect is taken into account and compensated. The numerical experiments show that proposed technique performs better than the...
A 2D DOA estimation algorithm in the presence of unknown mutual coupling for Y-shaped array based on MUSIC algorithm is presented and performance comparison among ULA, L-shaped array and Y-shaped array is analyzed. This algorithm can simultaneously estimate DOA of signals and coupling coefficients of antenna array without any calibration sources or iterative operations. It not only calibrates mutual...
A single element far field pattern and radiation impedance are different when the same is embedded in an array. This is due to scattering of radiation from nearby elements. When vectors of such scattered radiations are added it changes far field pattern too. Array factor when calculated in isolation with selected amplitudes and phases (weights) for isotropic elements is different. It is due to mutual...
A self-calibration algorithm for Y-shaped array (SAY) is presented in the presence of mutual coupling. It utilizes special mutual coupling characteristics of Y-shaped array to decouple the azimuth (AZ)/elevation (EL) and mutual coupling coefficients of antenna array so that two kinds of parameter estimations can be realized without any calibration sources. Different from conventional self-calibration...
To achieve the theoretical high performance, array calibration is an indispensable procedure. In this paper, a novel mutual coupling calibration algorithm is proposed for uniform and circular array (UCA). The new method uses the subspace principle to estimate the coupling coefficients, requiring none calibration sources. Conditions are provided for the existence of a solution. Computer simulations...
Various mutual coupling compensation (MCC) methods have been proposed in the literature in the last 25 years. Most methods involve the calculation of a coupling matrix estimating the mutual coupling in a receiving antenna array. The coupling matrix is subsequently taken into account in the signal processing to generally perform beamforming and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. The published methods...
The theory presented here can be useful for antenna arrays operating in two or three dimensions or located close to near-field scatterers. Contrary to common belief where near-field scatterers generally degrade the array performance, it is now possible to take full advantage of their electromagnetic interactions with the array to improve performance and gain additional information about incident signals...
The focus of this paper is to investigate the robustness of some commonly applied algorithms for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation against hardware imperfections and carrier offset. The examined hardware parameters are coupling of antenna array elements and inhomogeneous gain and phase of analog frontends. Simulation results are confirmed by measurements on real receiver hardware using ADS-B airborne...
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