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In this paper, we present experimental results of photovoltaic (PV) emulator systems implemented in a low-cost microcontroller. The insufficiency of space for installation of real PV panels and the high costs of the commercial emulators require of alternative systems which allow the generation of the characteristic curves of the solar panels. Irradiance and temperature can be set on the emulator to...
The power generated by photovoltaic (PV) systems is highly dependent on operating and environmental conditions. In order to increase the efficiency of PV systems, several methods have been developed to track the maximum power point (MPP). This paper proposes an analytical method that introduces a new expression for the extraction of the value of voltage and current at MPP based on the five parameters...
Due to increasing importance of distributed generation and smart grid, solar PV systems are gaining more and more importance. However for the efficient design of the solar PV systems, solar emulator is necessary which mimics the actual PV characteristics. In this paper, a solar PV emulator with quasi sliding mode controller is presented which can simulate the real time PV characteristics under varying...
This paper proposes a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm for photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems under non-uniform illumination. The proposed MPPT algorithm is composed of gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and traditional perturb and observe (P&O) method. In the initial stages of tracking, the power-voltage (P-V) curve is scanned through GSA and the best solution obtained...
Solar or photovoltaic (PV) system is an alternative clean energy resource that has received much attention in the research and industries. Solar charge controller (CC) is the heart of a solar system. Three common types of charge controller are ON/Off, pulse width modulation (PWM) and maximum power point tracking (MPPT). MPPT is getting very much popularity nowadays for its high capability of power...
Solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays are a great source of generation of renewable energy. Harvesting clean energy from photovoltaic cell is reliable, pollution and noise free, low maintenance and long lasting energy source. However, typical Voltage-Current (V-I) and Power-Voltage (P-V) characteristics curves of PV cells depend on the weather conditions such as temperature and irradiation. It is always...
The Work presented in this paper concerns the optimization of the performance of a photovoltaic system with MPPT controller, Specifically, we present and we analyze the simulation of electrical operation of a photovoltaic (PV) system adapted by a numerical control (MPPT control) based on a PIC microcontroller that will ensure the continuation of the maximum power output of the Photovoltaic generator...
The Power-Voltage (P-V) characteristic of a Photovoltaic (PV) array operating under partial shading conditions is characterized by multiple peaks. Out of these one only is the Global Peak (GP). When the PV array is subject to partial shading, conventional techniques many times fail to track the GP, because they find local peaks in the vicinity of the open circuit voltage. It is, thus, necessary to...
Emerging technologies within the renewable energy sector have shown great potential for more efficiently harnessing energy through the power of the sun. Today's technology in concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) receivers allows conversion capabilities exceeding 40% efficiency [1], with one caveat; they must be operated within a temperature range of 100–180 degrees Celsius to maintain maximum efficiency...
This paper presents a new system architecture which makes efficient use of the power produced from the photovoltaic (PV) panels used for charging batteries of solar powered electric vehicles. It has power systems for solar powered electric vehicles and solar powered grid which is connected to a charging station or a hub. Several electric vehicles may be charged with its own photovoltaic panel and...
Grid-connected photovoltaic power system consists of simulation of solar modules, inverter main circuit, driver circuit, maximum power point tracking circuit, the MCU control display system and the FPGA, protecting circuit. Inverter main circuit is the analog output of solar modules through the inverter main circuit DC into AC power reverse, and then through the filter, the output stable AC; one FPGA...
Tracking the maximum power point (MPP) of a photovoltaic array is an essential part of a photovoltaic (PV) system. PV system performance average losses are of about 20%-25% in electricity production. The causes are mismatching losses, partial shadows, variations in current - voltage characteristics of PV modules due to manufacturing processes, differences in the orientations and inclinations of solar...
This paper proposes a microcontroller based control method for the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of a photovoltaic system under variable temperature and insolation conditions. For the reduction of tracking time, fuzzy logic control algorithm is implemented with the embedded microcontroller for improved performance as compared to conventional techniques in power efficiency and swift maximum power...
In photovoltaic (PV) systems, the PV array represents about 57% of the total cost of the system, so it is very desirable to operate the PV panel at the maximum power point (MPP). The output characteristics of the solar array are nonlinear and vitally affected by solar radiation, temperature, and load conditions. In this respect simulation analysis of PV array is essential to understand the output...
A solar panel is a device that converts light into electricity. Solar electric equipment like inverters or maximum power point trackers must be used to harness solar power. Such equipment needs to be rigorously tested for power quality, protection, safety and other issues. Testing in a natural environment using solar panels presents difficulties in terms of repeatability as well as achieving full...
This paper presents a efficient stand-alone battery photovoltaic (PV) lighting system which can provide functional illumination based on power light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). PLED with specific features of small size, long life and high-brightness light will be choices of future light sources. The PLEDs are feed using a lead acid battery that is charged with a PV panel. This paper presents an interface...
This paper presents a new approach of maximizing energy harvesting in photovoltaic (PV) systems using bisection search theorem (BST). The fundamental of the BST and its application into maximum power point tracker (MPPT) in PV systems are described. A microcontroller is used to control a DC/DC boost converter to realize the MPPT function. Experimental results from solar array simulator show that the...
This paper presents a novel single stage power converter for photovoltaic energy conversion application. The presented power converter consists of a boost type resonant circuit from which both DC and AC outputs are generated. The DC output is used to charge batteries and the AC output is applied for lighting purpose. A mixed maximum power point tracking algorithm is realized by using the boost characteristic...
Photovoltaic generators exhibit nonlinear I-V characteristics that vary with solar insolation. This paper describes a technique for real time tracking of the maximum power point (MPPT) of a solar panel charging a battery. A step down switching regulator is used where the duty cycle is varied to attain the desired MPPT level. Performance of the MPPT is evaluated theoretically using ORCAD SPICE. A prototype...
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