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Wireless sensor network (WSN), a network of minute interconnected sensing element nodes communicating within themselves utilizing radio frequency signals and utilized in immensely enormous quantities to examine and realize the physical world. The communicating sensing element nodes are power-driven by batteries, which have a circumscribed lifetime. Hence managing the energy is a primary requisite...
With the advancement in sensing technology, applications are moving from wired to wireless region. The main challenge is the energy consumption of individual sensing nodes. When first node dies system becomes unstable and we cannot make use of the untapped node's energy. There comes the relevance of TSEP like protocols in such heterogeneous network. Heterogeneous in the sense with respect to node...
Wireless sensing element Network may be a network distributed in universe. This one consists of big quantity of nodes that are helpful in assembly of information within the various setting. However the nodes operate on battery of adequate power. As the nodes died, the network time period is reduced. Thus raising the network time period is final issue of sensing element network. This paper proposes...
Energy efficient clustering has gained enormous attention in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in the last few decades. In clustered WSNs, cluster heads (CHs) bear some additional load such as data sensing, data aggregation and sending data to base station. However, improper formation of clusters can overload some CHs and resulting higher energy consumption that may lead to deaths of such CHs. Load...
In the energy-constrained wireless sensor networks (WSNs), clustering is an efficient technique to minimize the energy consumption of the sensor nodes. But, the clustering algorithms for WSNs with a static sink frequently suffers from uneven energy consumption problems, where cluster heads (CHs) further away from sink consume more energy in a single hop communication, with the CHs sending its data...
A wireless sensor network collects information by sensing and gathering through sensor nodes in a continuous or discrete manner which makes them application specific. Stability period and network lifetime are key issues to judge and analyse the working of the sensor nodes and the efficiency of the sensor network system for a long time. Designing energy efficient multitasking clustering protocols for...
I study and analyze the LEACH protocol for extending the stability period for energy-constrained wireless sensor networks. Stability period refers to the time interval of the network before the death of the first node which is very vital in lots of applications of Wireless Sensor Network where there is need of reliable feedback from the network for a long time. In LEACH, the cluster-head are randomly...
Wireless sensor network consists of micro electro-mechanical sensor nodes which are operated by battery power. Sensor nodes lose energy for computation and communication. It is very difficult to recharge their battery as they are deployed in a remote place. Thus, power efficient routing in wireless sensor network is the main challenge for researchers. Hierarchical routing is one of the efficient techniques...
In a wireless sensor network (WSN), many researchers proved that the clustering technique improves the longevity of the network. But the load of handling traffic increases on the nodes which are closer to the sink or the base station (BS), as it has to carry others traffic along with its own towards the BS and depletes more energy which causes network holes. The power transmitted by the nodes could...
In traditional wireless sensor networks, the sensed data will be forwarded to sink by multi-hop, so that the hot spot problem will happen on the nodes near the sink. The power consumption of these nodes is higher than others, these nodes will be dead sooner. It leads to the network lifetime decreasing. We proposed a data transmission mechanism using mobile sink to solve this problem. We use two threshold...
A large amount of energy in nodes of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consumed due to the inner-network communications. In this paper, an energy efficient routing algorithm is proposed which saves a significant portion of innernetwork communications energy. To do this, the proposed routing algorithm selects sensor nodes with higher residual energy, more neighbors, and lower distance from the Base...
Wireless Sensor Network consists of tiny, battery enabled sensor nodes. In the recent years, the most important problem in WSN is to improve the life time of Network. Network life time depends on the residual energy of the sensor nodes. Most of the energy in the sensor node is used for data transmission. So, we should employ the routing protocols which can consume the energy of nodes efficiently....
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a lot of inexpensive sensors that have a limited energy resource. Many applications including environment monitoring use a clustering approach for efficient energy consumption. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is the most famous one of clustering protocols, which enables the balanced consumption of energy to prolong network lifetime. In LEACH,...
This paper proposed an Energy-aware Data Gathering Protocol Based on Double Cluster-heads EAGRDC. Vice cluster head is added in the cluster to responsible for data forwarding, thus it can unload part of the energy consumption of the main cluster head, so the frequency of the cluster head become death node can be decreased in the network, thus effectively balance the residual energy of nodes in the...
Because of nodes mobility, one of important and fundamental issues in mobile sensor networks is how to cluster the nodes in network. The clustering is a method for best managing nodes energies, data collecting and sending information to base station and increasing network lifetime. In a wireless mobile network, the created clusters change continually and the nodes move from one cluster to another,...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), consisting of a large number of sensor nodes connected through wireless medium has emerged as a ground-breaking technology that offers the unprecedented ability to monitor the physical world accurately. Because of resource-constrained nature of sensor nodes, a number of issues have emerged out of which energy-efficiency is an important matter of concern. In this work,...
Energy efficiency is of great importance for the wireless sensor network (WSN). A popular way to save energy is to construct clusters for data aggregation and forwarding. This paper studies the distributed cluster algorithm to improve the energy consumption efficiency. We observe that the cluster head has to lie within the transmission range of the base station (sink node) and the distance between...
Due to the constrained energy, energy efficiency becomes the primary objective in the design of wireless sensor networks, where extending network lifetime is considered as one of the energy efficient techniques. In addition, the advantage of the cooperative MIMO scheme over the non-cooperative SISO scheme doesn't always exist, if considering the cost in term of the addition overhead. So we should...
Clustering algorithm has an important effect on the performance of wireless sensor network. In this paper, a new Multi-Hop and Hierarchical Clustering algorithm (MHHC) is proposed to increases life time of wireless sensor networks. This algorithm selects the cluster-head with considering of three factors, maximum energy, the number of neighbors and the distance to base station or high level cluster-head...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are composed of a large number of sensor nodes with limited computation capability, power and memory. Balance of energy consumption between nodes can reduce the number of dead nodes and prolong the network lifetime. In this paper, based on the novel clustering algorithm Affinity Propagation (AP), a power efficient cluster head selection algorithm (PECBA) is proposed...
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