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In recent era of communication, limitation of the spectral resource has increased rapidly. Cognitive radio ad-hoc networks (CRAHNs) are an intelligent network which provides a good solution for effective utilization of the spectrum opportunities. In cognitive radios different research directions are identified like spectrum sensing, sharing, handover, and routing. This research directs the problems...
Routing will serve to facilitate a number of sensors on the technology of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to identify the optimal path and manage energy consumption saving at the time of transmitting data. The optimal path can be identified by using one of the methods from the field of Artificial Intelligent that is path finding method. The method will provide an effective and efficient way to find...
Wireless sensor network is collection of tiny sensor nodes; those are homogeneous and heterogeneous types. Power consumption is the critical issue in the sensor network because battery has limited power and nodes deployment process is also consumed much energy; it is crucially impact on the lifetime of the network. A Grid Based Clustering with Spanning Tree Routing (GCSTR) approach is proposed to...
The increasing research in the areas of Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) have a positive impact in the world and have gained increasing attention from both the research community and actual users. A wireless sensor network compromises of a large number of diffuse independent sensors; these sensors is to be used to control an event range in scale from large national environmental pollution monitoring...
Probabilistic routing in wireless sensor network (WSNs) use the mobility history when making a forwarding decision. This type of routing provides a very rapid development and new perspectives in WSNs. However, there are several constraints and challenges to overcome the security problems. In this paper, we propose a security solution based on the RAID5 technology and a multi-path routing, to develop...
In the last few years, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) emerges and appears as an essential platform for prominent concept of Internet of Things (IoT). Their application ranges from so-called “smart cities”, “smart homes” over environmental monitoring. The connectivity in IoT mainly relies on RPL (IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network) - a routing algorithm that constructs and maintains...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made of spatially distributed autonomous sensors, which cooperate to monitor a certain physical or environmental condition and pass their data through a network to a central data sink. A promising field of application of WSNs is planet exploration, in which a continuous monitoring of the surface is necessary, to have a clear notion of planet conditions and prepare...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are becoming popular for continuous monitoring of physical phenomena in diverse applications. These networks use sensors having batteries with limited power storage. Hence, it is desired to reduce energy consumption for prolonging the network lifetime in order to provide uninterrupted services. An efficient routing scheme is therefore devised in combination with energy...
This work focusses on analyzing the optimization strategies of routing protocols with respect to energy utilization of sensor nodes in Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs). Different routing mechanisms have been proposed to address energy optimization problem in sensor nodes. Clustering mechanism is one of the popular WSNs routing mechanisms. In this paper, we first address energy limitation constraints...
In this paper we proposed a multi-objective optimization model for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The proposed model optimized several objectives, simultaneously. Indeed, by starting from a generic configuration we found new location for sensors, that the network have appropriate performance in terms of energy consumption and travelled distance. For the monotony of energy consumption and life time...
Prolonging network lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a challenging task because of the heterogeneity among sensor nodes inherited from real worlds in forms of different residual energy, transmission speed, transmission range, and nodal traffic. Thus, it is necessary to consider the impact of the heterogeneities when trying to balance the energy consumption in sensor nodes. In this paper,...
In this paper, an underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) is modeled with the help of queueing theory in order to evaluate the maximum stable throughput of the network. To this end, a new scenario for multi-layer mobile UWSN is considered. Then, a new MAC algorithm comprised of random access scheme (like MACAW) and CDMA-based data transmission along with a simplified routing algorithm is proposed...
The increasing use of wireless networks and the constant miniaturization of electrical devices has empowered the development of Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs). The wireless nature of the network and the wide variety of sensors offer numerous new, practical and innovative applications to improve health care and the Quality of Life. WBSNs like any other sensor networks suffer limited energy resources...
Most existing clustering routing protocols of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) assume that nodes are stationary. However, in applications like habitat monitoring or search and rescue, that assumption makes those clustering mechanisms invalid, since the static nature of sensors is not real. In this paper, we propose Zone-based Routing Protocol for Mobile Sensor Networks (ZoroMSN) that considers the design...
One challenge in delay tolerant networks (DTNs) is efficient routing, as the lack of contemporaneous end-to-end paths makes conventional routing schemes inapplicable. Many existing DTN routing protocols adopt multi-copy replication and/or are incognizant of mobility models. Hence they are not suitable for networks with extremely stringent resources and time-varying mobility models such as underwater...
In order to tackle the energy hole problem of sensor networks, the non-uniform node deployment strategy was presented recently. For achieving the expected performance of this deployment method, nodes need to transmit data to the sink node through selecting a node in the adjacent inner-region decided by the deployment strategy. Since nodes near the outer-boundary of a region will be covered by more...
Many recent applications deal with continues flows of data (data streams). One important area of applications that is based on data streams is the area of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) applications. Since sensors have limited lifetime, the need for developing algorithms for aggregating sensors' data forms an important concern in the area of WSNs. We present W-LEACH, a data-stream aggregation algorithm...
Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN) is a hot spot of the research of wireless networks currently, the key of achieving efficient transmission business is to control node energy and improve the network lifetime in wireless sensor networks. The paper first uses Boolean sensing model based on Poisson point process to identify the function of the rate of coverage and the node density in unit area, and then...
Epidemic Routing offers a reliable approach to transmitting data in opportunistic networks, which has developed a few of variations so far. However, these algorithms have some redundant control overhead in sensing neighbor nodes and exchanging data packets. To address the issue, we propose a high-efficiency low-delay routing algorithm based on exchange of increments in packet indexes. Our algorithm...
A Fuzzy approach to backward movement control for truck and trailer in a dynamic environment is presented in this paper. The approach is then extended and employed for conditions where obstacles are placed on the truck pathway. In the first case, obstacles are assumed to be fixed, while the second condition includes moving obstacles through which the truck should be directed toward the parking dock...
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