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Most home sensor devices nowadays is based on low data rate and on-demand routing protocol such as Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV). This routing protocol has less overhead and good efficiency in term of delivery ratio and bandwidth. AODV has two phases the route discover phase which discover route to the destination devices based on the shortest and the freshest hop, and the data delivery...
The role of energy in wireless sensor networks (WSN) becomes very important when network is unattended and it is not possible to recharge sensor node's battery in the sensing region many times. Due to this limited battery energy of sensor nodes it becomes a challenge for WSN to maintain proper functioning for a long time. So for the enhancement in network lifetime of the WSN, here we propose a modified...
The coming generations are using the wireless sensors, and all of these networks have been deployed across various areas. Also they are used with the real time systems thus catering to the needs of the present scenario which the traditional methods have failed. These wireless networks deploy sensors around the area, but the disadvantage lies that these sensors have very limited battery life, so to...
In this paper the entire area is divided into clusters. Each of the clusters has a set of nodes which are spread randomly across the clusters. Cluster Head Election algorithm LEACH elects a different cluster heading each round. LEACH routing algorithm is also simulated for sending the packets for inter cluster communication and intra cluster communication between source node and destination node....
The proposed work aims at designing routing method and data compression algorithm for WSN's. An ad-hoc network (WANET) is considered and based on certain criteria the data is forwarded dynamically. Various parameters such as Compression Ratio, Packet Delivery Rate, Energy consumption are considered to determine the efficiency of the network. One of the primary parameters to be considered in the configuration...
Urban IoT data collection is challenging due to the limitations of the fixed sensing infrastructures. Instead of transmitting data directly through expensive cellular networks, citizen-centric data collection scheme through opportunistic network takes advantage of human mobility as well as cheap WiFi and D2D communication. In this paper, we present OppNet, which implements a context aware data forwarding...
In this paper we consider the problem of hosting multiple applications in software-defined wireless sensor networks (SD-WSNs). The applications vary in terms of terms of the number and type of sensing tasks required. Since WSN nodes are very resource constrained, one of the major challenges when scheduling the sensing tasks is to balance the energy consumption and maximize the operational time of...
Sensor devices have been widely applied to variety applications, including internet of things (IoT), cyber physical systems (CPS) and environmental monitoring systems. Because all sensing data in such applications are very important for data analysis and mining in a host machine, sensor devices are equipped with non-volatile memory (NVM) [1] and nonvolatile processor [2], [3] to prevent sensing data...
in this paper, we have urbanized a fresh sink placement policy in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We studied the problems in previous sink placement strategies such as RSP, CNP, GOSP, SOSP, CLHM, ISP, and GSP. These previous sink placement strategies are not concerned about dynamicity of the network under consideration. The information about sensor nodes positions is not known beforehand in concerned...
A synchronized network time is always necessary for scheduling to achieve energy efficiency, data fusion, localization for WSN applications. The major limitation in a WSN is the battery usage and lifetime of the nodes. Due to the power restriction of nodes, efficient routing is very important to save the battery of sensors to enhance the lifetime of the sensor area. The multi-head chain concept is...
The increasing research in the areas of Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) have a positive impact in the world and have gained increasing attention from both the research community and actual users. A wireless sensor network compromises of a large number of diffuse independent sensors; these sensors is to be used to control an event range in scale from large national environmental pollution monitoring...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), preserving energy requires utmost attention, as they are highly resource constrained. Clustering is commonly considered as one of the efficient energy conservation technique. Firstly, we analyze the maximization of network lifetime by balancing the energy consumption among different cluster heads (CHs). It is found that number of clusters and number of member nodes...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are often deployed in remote and hostile areas and because of their limited power and vulnerability, the sensors may stop functioning after sometime leading to the appearance of holes in a network. A hole created by the non-functioning sensors in turn severs the connection between one side and the other side of the network and alternative routes need to be found for...
Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) is a standard proactive routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). OLSR uses two kinds of the control messages: Hello and Topology Control (TC). As these messages are un-authenticated, OLSR is prone to several attacks namely, black hole, wormhole, Gray hole etc. This paper is focused at Sleep Deprivation Torture Attack on OLSR. Sleep deprivation attack...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made of spatially distributed autonomous sensors, which cooperate to monitor a certain physical or environmental condition and pass their data through a network to a central data sink. A promising field of application of WSNs is planet exploration, in which a continuous monitoring of the surface is necessary, to have a clear notion of planet conditions and prepare...
This paper proposes a non-uniform solution to the energy hole problem. The network is formed by a large number of tiny sensors, randomly scattered over a circular area and the sink positioned at the center. The sensors produce data with the same rate and the data travels from the nodes to the sink in a multi-hop fashion, using a shortest path routing. The basic idea, in order to avoid the energy hole...
The effectiveness of epidemic routing for information dissemination in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks is examined in this work. Here, information is to be disseminated from a few nodes to a considerable fraction of all other nodes in the network. The use of epidemic routing is motivated by the fact that, when sensors are supported solely by harvested energy, the sensors' availability and...
Data gathering in wireless sensor networks typically involves two steps: data sensing and data transmission, which dominate the energy consumption of each sensor. In Rechargeable Sensor Networks (RSNs), in order to optimize data gathering, energy should be carefully allocated to data sensing and data transmission due to time-varying renewable energy arrival and limited battery capacity. Moreover,...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used for various monitoring tasks. Their utilizations in remote areas, where battery replacement is not feasible, require extending the network lifetime. A modified version of the popular Collection Tree Protocol (CTP) is presented — the Lifetime Improved CTP (LICTP). It is shown that the LICTP's achieved lifetime for the evaluated scenario increases by a factor...
In this paper, a novel energy-aware routing strategy for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is developed. The proposed strategy improves on the Self Healing Routing protocol (SHR), by periodically switching off different sensors while maintaining a small number of active nodes. These active nodes are carefully selected via a negotiation protocol to achieve proper terrain coverage. The proposed strategy...
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