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In grounding system design, there are many parameters that affect touch voltage, step voltage, and grid resistance such as depth of grid, mesh size, number of rod, length of rod, size of buried conductor, etc. This research simulated effect of mesh size, number of rod, and length of rod, where 3 design models were created. Model 1 using 4 rods with length per rod 3m and mesh size 20 × 20m, model 2...
The article shows a possibility to measure the instant value of the consumed current in electrical devices or in branches of the electric power grid, without specialized sensors. As it is demonstrated, in some types of electrical networks the neutral conductor could be used as a current sensing device and as an energy source. The measuring of the voltage difference between the neutral conductor and...
The possibility to measure the instant current consumption of electrical devices or in branches of the electrical network, without specialized sensors, was evaluated. As it will be shown below, in some types of electrical networks the neutral conductor could be used as a current sensing device. Reading of the voltage difference between the neutral conductor and the protective conductor can supply...
This paper is an overview of the different types of grounding, bonding and alarming systems available throughout the world. There has been much confusion and discussion regarding the preferred method of grounding and bonding of power system on board vessels such as pleasure crafts, cargo and naval vessels. This paper will discuss the pros, cons, advantages and disadvantages of each method. It will...
This paper presents an alternative methodology for the grounding resistance calculation of vertical electrode arrays through a computational algorithm. This algorithm was developed based on the fundamental equations for the self and mutual resistance between grounding rods calculation being it's result confronted with the a model based on the finite element method (FEM) and the formulas found in the...
The ground resistance, the ground potential rise, touches and step voltages are the basic design quantities of the grounding grids. Such quantities greatly depend on the safety of grounding system. The aim being pursued is to minimize these mentioned quantities, while the safety restrictions required by the standard regulations are met. The innovative aspect of the proposed approach is the influences...
Firstly, the paper analyses overall present status of failure diagnosis of grounding grids and the latest technologies. Then it studies the commonly used methods in the area at present, including the relative method, the method according to detection the ground magnetic field and electric potential difference, the method of tabu search, the micro-disposal method etc, and compares their merits and...
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