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In this paper, we propose a novel 24-transistor change-sensing flip-flop (CSFF) for ultra-low power applications. With the aid of an internal change-sensing unit, the proposed CSFF eliminates redundant transitions of internal clocked nodes when there is no change in the flip-flop content. No additional transistors are required compared to the conventional transmission-gate flip-flop (TGFF). Measurement...
The detailed study of the secondary electron yield (SEY) of technical surfaces for very low electron landing energies (from 0 to 20 eV) is a very important parameter in many fields of research. Some of the devices used in all those fields of research base some of their essential functionalities on the number of electrons produced by a surface when hit by other electrons, namely, its SEY and, in most...
The defect states are investigated in ITO/P3HT/In organic diode structure by steady-state current-voltage technique and deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) method. The temperature dependencies are used to evaluate charge transport activation energies. The activation energy of about 0.15 eV estimated from the current-voltage measurement as well as from the DLTS technique represents the dominant...
ADE7758, ATT7022B and MAXQ3180 are three kinds of Three-phase multifunctional energy metering IC. In the first place, this paper gives an introduction of the three chips on theory of operation. After that, particular contrast is carried out on performance. Finally, the conclusion is summarized. ADE7758 supplies per phase information, but it does not supply power-factor, phasor or three-phase information,...
Recently, renewable energy and distributed generation (DG) are of interest for electricity grid. Besides the benefit of DG, the power qualities generated by DG have to be carefully managed and monitored because, otherwise, the unmanaged DG would cause the reliability and efficiency issues to the grid. A three-phase voltage unbalance factor (VUF) is a basic power quality in the smart grid and micro...
This project uses the methods of integration with respect to instantaneous power, the wave record of instantaneous voltage and current and the laboratory reduction to monitor the accuracy of three-phase smart meter that on working state. And it also uses the idea of double-circuit sampling and measurement to improve the redundancy of the system.
The photovoltaic (PV) generation spreads over the world breezily. The PV cells designed for different conditions are tested in laboratories. One of the key of the PV application is the project economy appraisal that estimates the produced energy. The practical energy generation is disturbed by meteorological events (shower, precipitation, thermal circumstances) that influence the ideal production...
Plasma-exposed Si surface related to Si recess in source/drain region was investigated in detail for various superposed bias configurations with frequencies of 13.56 MHz and 400 kHz. Two different bias powers were utilized by an inductively coupled plasma reactor (ICP). The surface layer (SL) and the interfacial layer between the SL and Si substrate (IL) were analyzed by spectroscopic ellipsometry...
In this study, we fabricated in-plane thermoelectric micro-generators (4 mm times 4 mm) based on bismuth telluride thin films by using flash evaporation method. The thermoelectric properties of as-grown thin films are lower than those of bulk materials. Therefore the as-grown thin films were annealed in hydrogen at atmospheric pressure for 1 hour in a temperature range of 200 degC. to 400degC. By...
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