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Existing deployments of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are often conceived as stand-alone monitoring tools. In this paper, we report instead on a deployment where the WSN is a key component of a closed-loop control system for adaptive lighting in operational road tunnels. WSN nodes along the tunnel walls report light readings to a control station, which closes the loop by setting the intensity of...
Wireless sensor networks are equipped with batteries with limited charge, and are often deployed in conditions that make their retrieval and replacement infeasible. Thus, energy conservation has been a primary consideration for protocol design for such networks. Recent advancements in the transfer of energy wirelessly over large distances, such as through radio frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves...
Wireless video sensor networks (WVSNs) have obtained popularity due to numerous potential applications such as video surveillance, environmental and habitat monitoring, etc. Transmitting video over WVSNs requires large bandwidth as well as lifetime of sensor nodes long enough to fulfill the application requirements. This paper proposes an integrated system for WVSNs (mainly used for surveillance)...
In this paper, we propose two schemes for sensor and relay node placement in environmental sensing applications. The first scheme aims at maximizing the network lifetime by reducing the total energy consumption. The second does so while maintaining fault-tolerance constraints. It guarantees a lower bound on the minimum required number of faulty nodes. Both schemes are based on a 3-D hierarchical architecture,...
For traditional anonymous routing protocols for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the routing path is a single path, and the invalidation of any one routing node in the routing path will result in the failure of the whole routing path, this is extremely difficult in practice to guarantee the reliability of message delivery. In this paper, a secure anonymous routing protocol for wireless sensor network...
For wireless multimedia sensor networks deployed in a field that hard to be accessed, large amount of nodes need to be arrange effectively to monitor different places of the field. Since the nodes are energy-constrained, how to conserve their energy to maximize the network lifetime is our main concern. The problem is proved to be NP-complete. Moreover, nodes may fail if they are broken. Therefore,...
Sensor networks are consisting of sensor nodes with limited battery power and wireless communication modules on it. They are deployed to collect the useful information from the field. Topology control is very critical to operate the sensor network for a long period of time. When being deployed, ad-hoc and sensor networks are unstructured and lack an efficient and reliable communication scheme. For...
Clustering is an effective approach to hierarchically organizing network topology and to prolong the lifetime of a wireless sensor network. Current clustering protocols usually utilize two techniques: selecting cluster heads with more residual energy and rotating cluster heads periodically to distribute the energy consumption among nodes in each cluster. Most of the researches in this field has focused...
In wireless sensor networks (WSN) data transmission is usually performed by sensors in manner of multi-hop forwarding towards a central static control center (sink). A lot of cheap, low-powered and energy-limited sensors are deployed in the monitored area and some of these nodes closer to the sink node use up their energy more quickly than other nodes because they relay more packets. Although most...
Clustering is a widely discussed as an important architecture for data centric wireless sensor networks. Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), proposed in past, is used as benchmark scheme by many proposals and its performance is widely studied in the literature, over last few years. The probabilistic and randomized clusterhead selection strategy results in variable number of clusterheads...
This paper introduces a method for lifetime/real-time optimization of wireless ad hoc networks. The method utilizes a network simulator to model the network signature for actual deployments and routing paths. Since the transmit power is fixed, many nodes may not save energy from communication. At the same time, all nodes save energy from calculations and the number of hops may be controlled. The network...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communication capabilities. A number of routing algorithms based on learning automata technique have been proposed for communication networks. However, there has been little work on the effects of cellular learning automata on the performance of these algorithms. One approach to prolong lifetime of sensor...
Cluster-based LEACH routing protocol has the good adaptability for large-scale wireless sensor network, but the existing algorithms may improve the network lifetime through adjusting the threshold, which could make the number of cluster-heads in one certain area more or less, due to ignoring the number of cluster-heads in the process of cluster-heads decision. An optimal cluster-heads algorithm in...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is composed of sink and many sensor nodes. It has the great scope to monitor environment and the characteristics of wireless communications. Relatively, the advantages of sensor node bring themselves some restrictions. The greatest challenge among those is the constraints on energy. The most critical issue is how to minimize the energy consumption for keeping target...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) require energy- efficient protocols to improve the network lifetime. In this work, we adopt a cross-layer strategy that considers routing and MAC layers jointly. At the routing layer, we propose balancing the traffic through the WSN. We show that sending the traffic generated by each sensor node through multiple paths instead of using a single path allows significant...
The energy constraint sensor nodes operate on limited batteries, so the energy consumption is a key design criterion for the routing protocols in wireless sensor networks. Comparing with single path routing algorithm, multi-path routing algorithm can balance the network energy distribution and extend the network lifetime better. In this paper, we propose an Ant Colony- Based Multi-path Routing Algorithm,...
Actually, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are used for various applications, such as habitat monitoring, automation, agriculture, and security. Since numerous sensors are usually deployed on remote and inaccessible places, and these nodes are battery powered, the deployment and maintenance should be easy and scalable. Energy effectiveness is a crucial factor in these networks. So, its software and...
The transmission power and the reception power are the main source of energy consumption in wireless sensor nodes. Therefore, reducing the amount of consumed power through the transmission and reception processes in the routing protocol will lead to an increase in the lifetime of the wireless sensor network and distribute the consumed power among the wireless sensor nodes. This paper proposes a mechanism...
Clustering is an effective approach to enhance performance in large-scale wireless sensor networks. SMCA (small-world model based clustering algorithm), a new clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks is proposed in this paper, with high clustering coefficient and fault-tolerant properties. SMCA selectively remove some links in a virtual way by the analysis of the edges' clustering coefficient...
The rapid expansion of wireless sensor networks technology has created an unprecedented opportunity to gather and extract information from wireless sensor networks. How to gather sensed information in energy efficient way is critical problems recently. Clustering technique has been proven to be an effective approach for data-gathering in wireless sensor networks. However, in a mobile environment,...
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