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The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a trending topology that has revolutionized voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission. In this paper a MMC based VSC-HVDC transmission system has been modeled, designed and simulated under balanced three-phase operation in semiconductor based time-domain simulation environment. MMC based VSC-HVDC transmission system...
The level of inertia in modern power systems is reducing drastically due to the increasing penetration of renewables to the power grid. In the near future the grid will face high penetration of renewable resources because of countries policies. However, renewables provides no inertia. On the other hand, voltage source converter (VSC) based multi terminal HVDC system is a promising solution for connection...
Several MMC models are present in the literature. The suitable converter model used depends on the studies that must be performed. The work presents a simplified electrical equivalent model for the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) which can be used for ac power flow and fault studies. The total energy that is stored in the MMC submodules is modelled as an equivalent capacitor. Also, decouples the...
This paper focuses on the experimental implementation of local and primary controls for MT-HVDC in a real test bench (Pnom = 6 kW). A local control with two different time scales, one for the current and the other for the voltage, and primary control (droop control), which is responsible to vary the reference voltage when a disturbance appears in the network, are addressed in this paper.
This paper deals with the short circuit current contribution of different HVDC converter types at a fault on the DC side. The analysis covers both current source converters (CSC) and voltage source converters (VSC). Bipolar and monopolar configurations are considered. The influence of the AC and DC system parameters (SCR, AC system equipment, DC transmission line length etc.) on the short circuit...
The increasing penetration of power electronics interfaced renewable generation (e.g. offshore wind) has been leading to a reduction in conventional synchronous-machine based generation. Most converter-interfaced energy sources do not contribute to the overall power system inertia; and therefore cannot support the system during system transients and disturbances. It is therefore desirable that voltage-source-converter...
Currently classical thyristor-based high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems hold the market in bulk power transmission. However, recent advances in semiconductor technology have led to voltage source converter based HVDC (VSC-HVDC) systems becoming a viable competitor. Not only is VSC-HVDC a competitor for transmission but it can also be used in multi-terminal systems, which have become an attractive...
Three-phase self excited induction generator (SEIG) is increasingly getting attention for its use in distributed electricity generation and consumption viz wind, mini/micro hydro, biogas etc. The major advantage of induction generator over alternator includes its low cost, easy construction, ruggedness, maintenance free structure etc, whereas, varying demand of reactive power and poor voltage regulation...
This paper deals with the analysis, design and control of a three-level 24-pulse Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) system. A three level VSC operating at fundamental frequency switching (FFS) is proposed with 24-pulse VSC structure to improve the power quality and reduce the converter switching losses for high power applications. The design of three-level VSC...
Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based High Voltage Direct Current (VSC-HVDC) transmission technology is a novel transmission technology on the basis of pulse width modulation (PWM) technology and fully-controlled power electronics devices. The output performance of VSC mainly depends on its modulation algorithm. A new kind of SVPWM algorithm based on 60° coordinate system for three-level VSC is introduced...
The multi-terminal DC wind farm is a promising topology with a voltage source inverter (VSI) connection at the onshore grid. Voltage source converters (VSCs) are robust to AC side fault conditions, however, they are vulnerable to DC faults on the farm side of the converter. This paper analyses DC faults, their transients and resulting protection issues. All kinds of fault overcurrents are analysed...
This paper analyzes dc cable transient modelling issues for voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems, as proposed for large-scale renewable power integration, for example, offshore wind farms. Detailed dc cable models with different degrees of accuracy are analyzed for utilization in the analysis and simulations of dc fault conditions. This fault...
This paper discusses a new paradigm of real-time simulation of power systems in which equipment can be interfaced with a real-time digital simulator. In this scheme, one part of a power system can be simulated by using a real-time simulator, while the other part is implemented as a physical system. The only interface of the physical system with the computer-based simulator is through data-acquisition...
Integration of energy storage (ES) into a static synchronous compensator (StatCom) makes it possible for the StatCom to provide a certain amount of active power as well as reactive power support. The possible benefit of the additional active power support of a StatCom can be power oscillation damping capability, mitigation of phase-jump related disturbances, etc. Direct connection of an ES device...
The paper discusses the operating principles and control characteristics of an interline voltage controller (IVOLCON) for voltage regulation in parallel distribution feeders. The IVOLCON consists of two shunt voltage source converters (VSCs) connected to different feeders through a common DC link. The main aim of the IVOLCON is to control the two PCC (point of common coupling) bus voltages of the...
The design of planar busbar as a must part of any present high power converter is particularly fine due to all electromagnetic phenomena which can not be easily predicted with appropriate simulation means. Among the numerous constraints which apply to this component, current sharing between all paralleled components (power IGBT modules and capacitors) and stray inductances responsible of both over-voltages...
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