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At stressed operating conditions, critical contingencies can initiate loss of synchronism and trigger cascading events. Controlled islanding is the last line of defense to stabilize the whole system. This paper presents a decision tree assisted scheme to determine the timing of controlled islanding in real time by using phasor measurements. In addition, a slow coherency based approach is used to determine...
This paper reviews the behavior of electrical systems when they are subjected to oscillations which can cause that one or more synchronous machines loose synchronism with each other. The paper makes a detailed reference to power swing blocking and out of step relays whose operation has to assure adequate protection under these conditions. A thorough procedure is discussed to set out of step relays...
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