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We present a new source for currents in the picoampere range based on the charging of a capacitor at a constant rate. The voltage ramp is generated using Delta-Sigma modulation and low-pass filtering. This method ensures the linearity of the voltage ramp by calibrating a small number of voltage levels prior to generating the current. Our analysis shows that we can calibrate a picoampere meter with...
We present a novel technique to generate an accurate dc current in the pA range. This source works by the charging of a capacitor using a voltage ramp with a precisely controlled slope. We generate this ramp with a precalculated Δ-Σ modulation sequence. The accuracy is limited by the voltage stability of the arbitrary wave generator used to generate the pattern.
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