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Many duty cycling MAC protocols exploit preamble sampling technique to improve the energy efficiency. In this technique, all the devices periodically listen to the medium for a short duration and then go back to sleep if medium is found idle. When a device wants to send data it transmits a long preamble followed by data bits. When the receiver wakes up and detects the preamble it stays awake until...
A major concern in wireless sensor networks is to maximize network lifetime while maintaining a high quality of services (QOS) such as target coverage and network connectivity. Communication and sensing consume energy, therefore efficient power management can extend network lifetime. in this paper we consider a large number of static sensor nodes are deployed in order to monitor a number of target...
Intrusion detection is prominently important for civil and military applications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It is defined as the mechanism to detect moving intruder(s) by single-sensing or jointly-sensing detection. To date, related works focus on the problem of network configuration for detecting intruder(s) within a pre-specified time/distance threshold by assuming a straight line intrusion...
A Digital Ecosystem is an evolving computer based system that uses communication and networking technologies to provide a solution for a specific application domain. This paper investigates how the latest multimedia and communication technologies can be used in the development of Digital Ecosystems. The high-level models of two ongoing research projects for developing Digital Ecosystems are presented...
This paper introduces a novel approach to transport messages between a backbone network and a device network (SAN) in a seamless way, even when these networks use incompatible protocols or technologies. The paper shows how to leverage a general purpose distributed object oriented middleware to encapsulate and send messages as object invocations. Devices and routers are modeled as standard distributed...
The adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) schemes has long been adopted at physical layer to combat time-varying properties of the wireless channel. However, transmitting packet over deep fading channel can render extra energy expenditure, due to the incorporation of more error protection or usage of lower modulation mode, which is unaffordable for energy-limited wireless sensor device. To avoid such...
The adoption of wireless sensor networks (WSN) for wide area environmental monitoring is currently considered one of the most challenging application scenario for this emerging technology. The promise of an unmanaged, self-configuring and self-powered wireless infrastructure, with a continuously decreasing cost per unit, attracts the attention of both final users and system integrators, replacing...
In WSNs and tiny cooperating wireless robots, unit and communication faults (permanent or transient), energy availability for the units and environmental changes may modify the communication network topology over time. Traditional hierarchical routing algorithms combine adaptability to changing environments with energy-aware aspects. In this paper we propose a k-level hierarchical extension to low-power...
Localization of objects within space is a common problem in WSN research. Besides the location estimation itself, wireless communication is a central aspect within such systems. We present the novel HashSlot method for assured and collision-free transmission of radio packets from multiple sources to a common destination within a constant and predictable time. Due to self-organization, our approach...
The quality-of-service (QoS) routing in a wireless sensor network is difficult because the network topology may change constantly, and the available state information for routing is inherently imprecise. In this paper, we propose a distributed QoS routing that selects a network path with sufficient resources to satisfy a certain delay requirement in a dynamic environment. Multiple paths are searched...
Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have led to many new routing protocols specifically designed for sensor networks where energy awareness is an essential consideration. At first, this paper gives a short overview of recent routing protocols for sensor networks and presents a classification for the various approaches. The four main categories explored in this paper are data-centric, hierarchical,...
The number of active sensors in a wireless sensor network has been proposed as a measure, albeit limited, for quality of service (QoS) for it dictates the spatial resolution of the sensed parameters. In very large sensor network applications, the number of sensor nodes deployed may exceed the number required to provide the desired resolution. Herein we propose a method, dubbed predictive QoS control...
This paper presents a QoS research study on ad hoc sensor networks from a delay point of view when WEP (wired equivalent privacy) security is enabled or disabled. A queuing model with one queue and two servers is used to estimate the security delays in the traffic between ad hoc sensor nodes. An algorithm is designed to estimate the service time delay and the security time delay based on measured...
In this paper, we propose guided broadcast algorithms (GB) - a family of distributed broadcast algorithms for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). GB is based on the recently proposed self-organizing redundancy cellular architecture (SoRCA) for WSNs. It utilizes spatial diversity to cover the sensor nodes in the WSN for a tunable number of times to ensure that at least n portion, a parameter specified...
Proactive self-configuration is crucial for MANETs such as sensor networks, as these are often deployed in hostile environments and are ad hoc in nature. The dynamic architecture of the network is monitored by exchanging so-called network state beacons (NSBs) between key network nodes. The beacon exchange rate and the network state define both the time and nature of a proactive action to combat network...
Optimum theorems for combining QoS metrics to reduce computation time in nodes (routers) is proposed based on fundamental theorems on QoS metrics. The proposed theorems unify selection of metrics and provide the methods for reducing overheads at the nodes due to performance metrics. Specified metrics are used to define QoS target, benefit, link and route availability functions. It is shown that for...
We present an innovative MAC protocol (Q-MAC) that minimizes the energy consumption in multi-hop wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and provides quality of service (QoS) by differentiating network services based on priority levels. The priority levels reflect application priority and the state of system resources, namely residual energy and queue occupancies. The Q-MAC utilizes both intra-node and inter-node...
The following topics were dealt with: local computer networks; peer-to-peer; QoS; wireless sensor networks; radio networks; storage; distribution; traffic characterisation; network routing; optical networks; services; traffic control; power efficiency; wireless local area networks; network security; ad hoc networks; multicast networks; network management; DiffServ; mobile networks; resource allocation;...
Wireless sensor networks are emerging as a popular research issue and tool for many applications. However, nodes in a sensor network are severely constrained by energy, storage capacity and computing power. In this paper, we propose an integrated network environment (sensor and ad hoc network) with IEEE 802.15.4a, ultra-wideband (UWB) and two-tier data dissemination (TTDD) routing protocol. We wish...
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