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Normally power supplies provide a constant output voltage. A DC-DC converter in most of the applications is controlled by a voltage mode or a current mode controller. The DC converters are employed to feed electric vehicles, telephone sets and civil invertors, or for induction motors and frequency control. In this regard, optimal exploitation of DC transformed by classical controllers has been a controversial...
DC/DC converters have been tremendously utilized nowadays. In some special applications such as military, aerospace, and precision instrumentation, the output voltage ripple of DC/DC converters has to be maintained in an acceptable level to achieve superior performance. For example, DC/DC converters are tied with inverter for adjustable speed motor controls or renewable energy interface with utility...
This paper presents a detailed overview of the circuits allowing the realization of PID controllers with single active element. We provide analysis of the circuits using the operational amplifier (OpAmp) and operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA). Based on these analyses, we present an alternative structure using the second generation current conveyer CCII. Compared to the classical solutions,...
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