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In this paper we develop a generic hierarchical model for performance analysis of intrusion detection techniques as applied to a cyber-physical system (CPS) consisting of mobile nodes with navigation, manipulation, sensing and actuating capability. We develop two intrusion detection techniques, namely, positional discontinuity and enviroconsistency, for intrusion detection of malicious attackers in...
In this paper, we study the problem of designing propagation protocols for network-wide localization based on two-way ranging. At the beginning, a network contains a few localized anchor nodes and a large number unlocalized nodes. Unlocalized nodes in the communication range of anchor nodes perform two-way ranging, estimate their positions, and become anchor nodes. The process repeats until all nodes...
Wireless sensor networks have been widely used for ambient data collection in diverse environments. While in many such networks the sensor nodes are randomly deployed in massive quantity, there is a broad range of applications advocating manual deployment. A typical example is structure health monitoring, where the sensors have to be placed at critical locations to fulfill civil engineering requirements...
Maintaining low power consumption is critical in wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. With packet transmissions and retransmissions consuming much of the energy resources in wireless networks, it becomes important to minimize the number of transmissions associated with the end-to-end delivery of packets. Power-aware routing algorithms must balance the advantages and disadvantages of selecting to forward...
The relay selection problem in a large wireless sensor network (WSN) with uniformly distributed identical nodes is investigated for a two-phase cooperative protocol where the signal transmitted from a single source is overheard by the network and is then relayed by multiple selected nodes subject to a total average transmission power. First, a relay selection technique is considered that maximizes...
During the last decade, many works were devoted to improving the performance of relaying techniques in ad hoc networks. One promising approach consists in allowing the relay nodes to cooperate, thus using spatial diversity to increase the capacity of the system. However, this approach introduces an overhead in terms of information exchange, increasing the complexity of the receivers. A simpler way...
Cooperative transmission using space time codes can be used to reduce transmission energy consumption for long range communication in wireless sensor networks (WSN). However, differing from traditional (multi-input-multi-output) MIMO systems, distributed cooperative communication systems in WSN usually lack of perfect synchronization. For the cooperative systems using Alamouti code, the effect of...
This paper studies the impact of crystal clock drift on the ranging accuracy. A novel technique in which a group of sensor devices, each having a different clock drift, can reduce this adverse effect by a 2-phase round robin fashion is presented. In comparison to the conventional way of point-to-point group ranging scheme, this technique has the desirable advantage of low energy consumption, which...
Various data dissemination methods have been proposed over the years to reduce energy consumption in wireless sensor networks. One thing common and pivotal to every dissemination approach's performance is the network topology used underneath. Moving sink and moving event pose major challenge while developing data dissemination schemes for wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose a dual...
In this paper, we propose energy efficient mobility adaptive distributed clustering algorithm for mobile ad hoc network. Node mobility in the dynamic network has a remarkable affect on cluster stability. In order to reduce the initial cluster setup time of the dynamic network with frequently changing topology, we consider a single node parameter as the cluster head selection criteria. That is the...
In this paper we present a novel mathematical approach to evaluate the degree of connectivity of a multi- sink wireless sensor network, where sink and sensor nodes are uniformly distributed over a given region. We consider both unbounded and bounded domains, specifically squares, and the impact of border effects is also shown. Random fluctuations as well as a distance-dependent deterministic path-loss...
Finding an optimal routing path in adverse underwater environment in an Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) has always been a challenging task. Maintaining the network life for a longer duration by utilizing nodes' energy is also critical. By taking these issues into consideration we propose an Energy optimized Path Unaware Layered Routing Protocol (E-PULRP) for dense underwater 3D sensor networks. An...
In sensor networks, data traffic is concentrated towards a small number of base stations, and those nodes close to the base station have to relay large amount of data for the rest of the network. This would deplete the batteries of these nodes very quickly, and reduce the network lifetime. In order to alleviate this problem, a novel solution is proposed in this paper, where the transmission powers...
This paper deals with the analysis of distortion introduced in the real time reconstruction of a spatio-temporally correlated field by a sink node. The field is measured by a randomly deployed network of heterogeneous sensors and the data is sent to the sink node. For the sake of analysis, we assume that the network consists of multiple clusters consisting of two types of nodes: cluster head and cluster...
To minimize energy consumption, efficient broadcasting in ad hoc networks requires the selection of small sets of forwarding nodes and the use of small transmission radii. However, the physical-layer characteristics of radio links are such that receivers may not be able to decode packets sent to them, even without multiple access interference. We present an analytical model to show that the transmission...
In this paper, we consider sensor database systems. Sensors are attached to objects and queries on the objects are operated at the sensor network level. Although queries to such a system might be extremely complex, ensuring efficiently basic functionalities such as broadcast or anycast without any central element is not trivial. In this paper, we provide a suite of *-cast (anycast, k-cast, broadcast)...
LEACH exhausts a few nodes much earlier than others, which remarkably decreases the lifetime of whole network. An improved method based on time slots to prolong the minimum lifetime of nodes in LEACH is presented, in which a cluster-head selecting approach decreases the difference in cluster size of LEACH and responsibility mechanism for active node makes the energy consumption uniform in cluster...
Energy consumption of communication is a key factor of the lifetimes of wireless sensor networks. This paper presents an energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor network. In the protocol, each sensor node detects the distance between the base station and itself. Then, it calculates a tier ID in according to the distance. A lower tier ID indicates a shorter distance between the base station...
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