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A ~35nm thick CdS buffer layer has been wet-chemically deposited on a CuInS 2 thin layer solar cell absorber and subsequently removed through a stepwise HCl etch process. Sequential etching times of two and three seconds were initially performed to gradually remove the CdS top-layer and leave the CuInS 2 surface intact. After each step an investigation of the sample with X-ray photoelectron...
We report experimental evidence of Cu surface segregation in Ni/Cu system, during deposition of Ni film onto Cu substrate at room temperature and during heat treatment in vacuum. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) by Tougaard's analysis results show that surface segregation defeats in competition with increase in Ni thickness and terminates when thickness...
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