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This paper explores the design methodology and effectiveness of small-scale magnetorheological dampers (MRDs) in applications that require variable damping. Previously, applications of MRD have been chiefly limited to vehicle shock absorbers and seismic vibration attenuators. There has been recent biomedical interest in active-damping technology, however, particularly in the field of rehabilitation...
Rehabilitation robotics specializes in designing machines, such as exoskeletons, which can be utilized to restore function in patients recovering from physical trauma. The proposed Assistive Rehabilitation Arm Orthosis (A.R.A.O.) is designed to restore function and rehabilitate patients suffering from muscular diseases as well as mild-stroke. Clinical studies have shown that task-based repetitive...
The inclusion of robotic systems in physiotherapy allows developing new solutions for the rehabilitation and support of disabled people. Our research addresses the core problem for the advancement of such applications: the availability of a human machine interface offering intuitive control of robotic devices. In this paper we present an EMG-driven model of the human lower limb based on that previously...
The design of robotic orthoses focuses strongly on replicating kinematics of human limb. However, often sophisticated mechanisms which attempt at reproducing complex kinematics of human joints fails in adapting to geometrical variations of subjects sizes and eccentricities. One major that arises from this mismatching is an occurrence of hyperstaticity induced by the uncontrolled interaction forces...
This paper is about the design of an active hand orthosis for hand rehabilitation in the acute and sub-acute phase after stroke. The device presented here was conceived as an add-on for the cable-suspended robots for upper limb rehabilitation developed at the Department of Innovation in Mechanics and Management of University of Padua, Italy. With this improvement, we aim to deliver coordinated distal...
Therapists often emphasize selection and design of proper training programs for individual patients in different situations and rehabilitation stages. Thus, in order to cater different patient groups, this paper proposes four assistant control strategies for robotic rehabilitation of gait locomotion: (1) orthosis-free, (2) totally-passive, (3) optimal assistance and (4) resistance exercise. A robotic...
Robot-assisted gait training currently lacks the possibility of the robot to automatically adapt to the patient's needs and demands (so called ldquobio-cooperative control strategiesrdquo). It is desired to give the patient voluntary control over training parameters such as gait speed or joint trajectories. We implemented a control algorithm for the driven gait orthosis Lokomat that allows severely...
Rehabilitation robotics is a young discipline that will become an imperative when the age of the population rises. The orthopaedic rehabilitation of the elbow joint poses some interesting challenges, discussed in this paper. There is a major difference between neuro-rehabilitation and orthopaedic rehabilitation and thus in the approaches necessary to tackle its challenges. Moreover, the elbow joint...
Pelvic motions are of great importance while walking, and have thus to be taken into account when developing and controlling rehabilitation devices. This paper will first introduce a new reeducation device for paraplegic people: the WalkTrainer. This device is composed of a leg and pelvic orthosis, an active bodyweight support and closed loop muscle stimulation. Second, the six degrees of freedom...
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