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Background The optimal treatment algorithm for iron therapy and the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) in anemic hemodialysis (HD) patients has not been established. Hemoglobin (Hb) target levels can be achieved through more frequent intravenous (IV) iron use with lower ESA dose, or with less iron dosing but higher ESA. ESA therapy to correct anemia may result in severe arterial and venous...
Background Hemodialysis (HD) patients who are resistant to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have a higher mortality rate. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the time-dependent variability of ESA response in HD patients and mortality. Methods A total of 375 HD patients were enrolled in this study. The ESA resistance index (ERI) was calculated by dividing the weekly...
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