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Geographic routing is one of the most widely used routing strategies in large-scale wireless sensor networks (WSN). With location-based routing, small, cheap and resource constrained nodes can perform the routing function without the need of complex computations and large amount of memory space. In the traditional approach, nodes advertise their availability to update the routing table. We eliminate...
Energy efficient topology in Ad-hoc networks can be achieved mainly in two different ways. In the first method, network maintains a small number of nodes to form a connected backbone and the remaining nodes sleep to conserve energy. This method is effective for low traffic networks. Energy efficiency in the second method is achieved by power control technique. This technique is effective in high traffic...
In this paper we present a full performance analysis of an energy conserving routing protocol in mobile ad hoc network, named EM-AODV (Energy Multi-path Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing). EM-AODV is a reactive routing protocol which combines two mechanisms used in the basic AODV protocol. AODV and most of the on demand ad hoc routing protocols use single route reply along reverse path. Rapid...
In this paper, we propose an energy-balanced cross-layer multi-path routing algorithm for wireless Ad hoc networks. This algorithm utilizes cross-layer information of the network nodes and can balance the energy consumption of the network nodes in flow distribution under the situation that the network topology is maintained unchanged; moreover, the transmission power can be adjusted in routing process...
Geographic routing is an attractive localized routing scheme for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to its desirable scalability and efficiency. Maintaining neighborhood information for packet forwarding can achieve a high efficiency in geographic routing, but may not be appropriate for WSNs in highly dynamic scenarios where network topology changes frequently due to nodes mobility and availability...
Interference in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) not only causes packet loss and delay, but also leads to excessive energy consumption. It is necessary to alleviate interference in order to improve transmission and energy efficiencies. To achieve this objective, an interference-aware cross-layer design, called interference-aware routing (IAR) protocol, is proposed. Unlike existing contention-based...
Constant growth in the wireless sensor network (WSN) needs routing protocol which can cater for renewable energy sources as compared to conventionally used nonrenewable energy sources in sensor nodes. In this paper, adaptive topological knowledge (ATK) algorithm is used to periodically and locally determine the topological knowledge range (KR) of each solar-powered node, based on an estimated energy...
The lifetime of a wireless network is significantly affected by the energy consumed on data transmission. One approach which allows reduction of the transmission energy consumption is the new networking paradigm - the delay tolerant networks (DTNs). The topology of DTNs consists of nodes with short transmission range, thus allowing the reduction of energy consumption. However, this short transmission...
First we analyze the shortcomings of existing routing protocols in intermittently connected mobile networks (ICMN) such as high delivery delay, low success rate and cannot adaptive to the different network environment. With this in mind, we propose a new routing scheme called adaptive multiple copy multiple hop algorithm (AMM). By collecting the simple information about the status of the network,...
This paper presents a design of routing algorithm for mobile agent in the wireless sensor networks which is called MA-SWR. It introduces a weight metric and each node derives its weight value dynamically from its current position. In MA-SWR, by comparing the weights values, mobile agents can determine their own routs. MA-SWR can be applied when topological information changes such as in a network...
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