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Forest gaps, openings in the canopy caused by death of one or more trees, are the dominant form of natural disturbance in the temperate forests. Gaps play a critical role in driving stand dynamics and influencing forest growth cycle. They increase habitat diversity, structural complexity, fauna and flora species diversity. The size of a gap may strongly influence tree species regeneration composition,...
The size−class growth model is an empirical model applicable for the prediction of the dynamics of natural forest growth. It is based on the following assumptions: (1) changes in the forest condition are determined on the basis of the sum of the changes that take place in individual size classes, (2) the trees in a given class are represented by single average tree, (3) the calculation of the future...
The objectives of the study were (1) to determine the models of diameter at breast height (dbh) distributions in two− and multi−storied mixed stands with fir Abies alba Mill. and beech Fagus sylvatica L. as well as (2) to assess the usefulness of single Weibull distribution and two−component mixture of Weibull distribution to approximation of empirical dbh distributions for distinguished models of...
The seeds of forest trees usually transfer numerous fungi species, including pathogens, facultative parasites and saprotrophs. The aim of the present work was to determine qualitative and quantitative composition of fungi inhabiting the seeds of 10 trees species i.e.: birch (Betula pendula Roth.), beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), red oak (Quercus rubra L.), common oak (Quercus robur L.), sycamore maple...
The objectives of the study were (1) to determine the models of diameter at breast height (dbh) distributions in single−storied mixed stands with fir Abies alba Mill. and beech Fagus sylvatica L. as well as (2) to assess the usefulness of Weibull distribution to approximation of empirical dbh distributions for distinguished models. In the Carpathians (southern Poland) and in the Święto− krzyskie Mountains...
The study concerns an assessment of the change dynamics in the lower floor of the forest and was perfomed in the mountain forests in Lubogoszcz forestry. It is a continuation of long-term follow-up of the Department of Forest and Wood Utilization. The aim of this study is to answer various questions relating to: changes in the amount of regeneration areas used and unused after several years of obtaining...
In the natural stands of the lower−montane zone in the 'Łopuszna Valley' Reserve (Gorczański National Park) consisting of beech, fir and spruce, a specific phenomenon was observed, which in other natural forests of the Western Carpathians occurred only occasionally. In the years 1981−2011, along with the increase in the proportion of beech in stands and in regeneration, which is now common issue in...
Stands of the Święty Krzyż nature reserve are described on the basis of studies carried out in 1992 and 2002 as well as historical data concerning species composition in 1925. During the period of 10 years the stand in the study area Święty Krzyż 1 maintained characters of the growing up stage and phase of storied structure. Its volume increased from 502 to 542 m3/ha, and volume increment was 10.6...
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