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Passive elements are indispensable in RF systems and are used for matching networks, LC tank circuits, filtering, … etc. Passive elements can be simply classified into distributed elements including transmission lines and waveguides. As the operating frequency moves into the microwave spectrum, the distributed circuits have a higher Q factor, and thus they are usually used for high-frequency applications...
Due to ever-increasing demand for high-level integration, high system (mechanical) flexibility, small form factor, and/or thermal conductivity, the integrated circuits (ICs) need to be thin, preferably <200µm. One potential drawback of thin IC is that the efficiency of the RF transformer may be degraded, hence resulting in reduced overall system efficiency and increased power dissipation. In this...
Biofuel cells use catalysts (chemical, enzymatic or microbial) to convert chemical energy from organic substrates into electrical energy. This paper investigates energy harvesting from several low-power biofuel cells to power a load under several volts. As biofuel cells can share the same fuel source, an isolation is required to aggregate energy towards high voltages (compared to a cell voltage)....
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