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Considering one manufacturer and two retailers in supply chain based on part of retailers to participate in information sharing, we use price discrimination strategy to design an incentive mechanism which motivates retailers to share uncertain demand information with manufacturer. The research results show that information sharing may be value-added to add their profits only in under certain conditions...
In this paper we discuss the risk discount and cost of stock option contracts based on theory analysis and arithmetic operation. First the calculation of data shows that expectation value cost increases with the rise of exercise price, with the same result as the previous prediction. Meanwhile, B-S cost can become larger or smaller with higher exercise price, which suggests that the expectation value...
In this paper, an optimal bidding strategy for a generation company by the inertia weight approach particle swarm optimization (IWAPSO) is proposed. The expected profit maximization and risk (profit variance) minimization are combined into the objective function of the optimization problem. Nonconvex operating cost functions of thermal generation units and minimum up/down time constraints are formulated...
We investigate whether mutual fund families transfer performance across member funds to favor those more likely to increase overall family profits based on fund characteristic of fees, performance and age. We find that the cross-fund subsidization behavior is most significant between old and young funds. In the way of performance, mutual fund families have the incline to subsidize the low performance...
In the electricity market, modeling marginal price facilitates to solve many problems in it. To model the probability density function (PDF) of system marginal price (SMP) in the spot market, positivism analysis on SMP PDF is presented in this paper. In contract to the weakness of some traditional probabilistic distribution model, an alpha-stable distribution model that proposed in this paper, has...
In this paper, the generation expansion planning (GEP) is studied in independent power producers (IPPs) presence. The important points of this study are to determine type and capacity of power plants and optimal power purchase price of independent producers. Decreasing the utility company costs and the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission are the main objectives of this planning. Finally the feasibility...
In a supply chain network, suppliers normally offer price and service quotes for bidding while the purchasing company usually needs to evaluate suppliers before making buying decision. Due to competition, purchasing company doesnpsilat want suppliers to know anything about purchasing sensitive information except providing itemspsila retail prices and bidding notices. The confidentiality modeling has...
Based on the current cost and pricing environment and Minex software model applied optimization, the Baganuur Southern pit limited by the 1200m RL level is economically viable. But this contour can not represent the final pit and we recognize it as an alternative until the domestic coal price is freed. We assume that the inputs of the pit optimization will be unstable in the near future and it needs...
Pricing problems are formulated as non-nested, stochastic Stackelberg games, and studied by using the inducible region concept. It is shown that the inducible region can indeed be delineated, and the optimal pricing scheme can be constructed.
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