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This paper proposes the use of an active yaw system to protect small and medium wind turbines in the high wind zone from overloading. The active yaw system turns the rotor partially out of the wind to decrease the turbine power. The dependency of the power on the yaw angle is modeled by the third power of the cosine of the yaw angle. A proper controller is configured based on on-off control of the...
More accurate dynamic models of wind turbines are of great importance in validating simulation results of their interaction with the network (micro-grid), and thus the reliability of the network (micro-grid) is improved. The first of this paper is an overview of wind power and wind energy conversion system structures. In addition, network requirements in the presence of wind energy conversion systems...
In this paper, simulation and experimental results of a fault tolerant of a squirrel cage six-phase induction generator (SC6PIG) are presented. The proposed generator, suitable for grid connected multiphase wind energy generating system, is composed of a 24kW SC6PIG prototype connected to a full scale back-to-back converter structure. The aim of this paper is to validate experimentally the model of...
The Series Dynamic Braking Resistor (SDBR) helps in the post fault recovery of the wind generator. This paper investigates the best location of the SDBR in the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) architecture, considering the best switching signal of the SDBR. The SDBR was connected at the stator, rotor and grid side converter of the DFIG wind generator. The DC-link voltage, rotor current and grid...
A robust control approach depending on delay is designed for the pitch-controlled variable-speed wind energy conversion system (WECS) above the rated wind speed range under the impact of time-delays. H∞ performance index is adopted to test the effect of the disturbance on the controlled output. A state feedback controller with time delay is designed such that the wind output power can be maintained...
This paper describes the design and prototyping process of outer rotor permanent magnet generator meant for the use in small scale wind turbines. The initial design of the machine is presented. Main issues and phenomena, affecting the generator design, such as cogging torque and its reduction possibilities, selection and demagnetization risk assessment of permanent magnets, machine losses and thermal...
In this paper, wind generator modeling is presented including the algorithm for maximizing the extracted power. The DFIG stator winding is directly connected to the utility grid and the rotor winding is connected via a back to back converter. The oriented flux control allows the machine to follow the set points of active and reactive power.
This paper presents a comparative analysis of three control algorithms for a wind turbine generator using a variable speed permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The design methodologies of the conventional PI-based controller, the Taylor series expansion linear approximation based (TSLA-based) controller and the feedback linearization based (FL-based) nonlinear controller are provided. The...
The objective of the proposed scheme is to extract the maximum power at different wind turbine speed. In order to achieve this, MPPT controller is implemented on the rectifier side for the extraction of maximum power. On the inverter side normal closed loop PWM control is carried out. MPPT controller is implemented using fuzzy logic control technique. The fuzzy controller's role here is to track the...
This work deals with the control of the wind energy conversion system (WECS) equipped with two doubly-fed induction generators (DFIG). The main generator is controlled in order to keep the voltage and the frequency in the rates values. The second generator is connected when the power demand increase. But, before the connection, with the first generator, synchronization is done. After that, the system...
Day after day, wind energy is cutting wider segment of energy market. Its clean nature and low running cost make it a good competitor for the traditional and the other renewable energy sources. The electrical generator is the key component of the wind energy generating system. Properly designed generator can maximize the energy gain. Axial field permanent magnet synchronous generator is the choice...
Due to growing concerns over climate change, more and more countries are looking to renewable energy sources to generate electricity. Therefore, wind turbines are increasing in popularity. The amount of mechanical power that can be extracted from the wind by a turbine rotor depends on the characteristics of wind turbine. Furthermore, the aim of the characteristics of any wind turbine is to provide...
Wind energy use has shown a remarkable increase in last years. In order to achieve the highest efficiency with the best characteristics in wind turbines, it is necessary to analyze relevant factors in wind energy conversion. In this review a state of the art is presented focused on modeling, constitutive elements, structure and control of wind generation systems and the increasing use of wind energy...
The use of wind energy as a source of electrical energy is increasing along with the limited fossil energy and increase environmental awareness to the greenhouse effect. This paper presents the modeling and control of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for wind turbines. To get optimal power, the generator must be able to rotate at the optimum speed so that it is required speed controller...
During this time, the main source of electrical energy derived from fossil energy sources, which is at present the number continues to decrease and become more limited. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternative sources of energy produced by natural processes so it will not run out or quickly reversed if managed properly. In other words, alternative energy sources must be a renewable energy. Some...
In this paper, a detailed model of a 2 MW wind turbine system with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), including the aerodynamics, the mechanics, and the electrical domain is presented. It is then used to examine the influences of the level of detail in the model of a wind turbine system on the calculated lifetime consumption of the converter's power modules. This is done by comparing...
This paper presents a simulation of an onshore energy conversion system connected to the electric grid and under a strategy of a supervisor control based on deterministic version of a finite state machine. The simulation is planned to address an analysis on performance due to the action of the supervisor. The supervisor is included at the higher level, having the objective of analyzing the operational...
Wind energy has gained a considerable attention from industries and academia to increase the reliability and availability of wind turbines (WTs) and, consequently, to reduce wind energy cost. With this attention has come investments and new technologies from WT manufacturers as industrial solutions. Among these technologies the new arrivals, the variable speed generation systems based on permanent...
This paper reports on the design and testing results from the U.S. Department of Energy Next-Generation Wind Turbine Drivetrain Project. The drivetrain design reduces the cost of energy by increasing energy capture through drivetrain efficiency improvements; by reducing operation and maintenance costs through reducing gearbox failures; and by lowering capital costs through weight reduction and a series...
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