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The main goal is to design a hybrid exothermic chemical reactor that exhibits hysteresis or oscillatory behavior. Then, the hybrid system can be used as a benchmark plant for testing new control algorithms. In the hybrid reactor, the reactor vessel and jacket are real, but the reaction heat is simulated by means of the electric heater and a mathematical model of the process. Because in the real hybrid...
In this paper a hybrid chemical reactor, known also as the partially simulated reactor, is presented. Such reactor consists of a jacketed vessel and LabVIEW based real-time simulator of a chemical reaction. The reactor can be used for testing advanced control strategies. Experimenting with the hybrid reactor excludes risk of a thermal runaway because the simulated chemical reaction can be stopped...
This paper deals with the control of simple process models where multiple time-delays appear. These delays can be input, output or state delays. For the case of input/output time-delays, a general solution is retrieved from the literature. For state time-delays, the scalar case is considered and a pre-compensator is used to cancel the delay. The proposed algorithms are applied to the control of a...
Modeling is the entire necessary step for the formulation of a mathematical model that can be developed from the physical laws governing the process. Modeling can be based on a knowledge model or a black box model. Nevertheless, black box modeling is not practice en real time operation; i.e the signal controls are not rich enough to cover all operating modes. So, in industries, a simulator of process...
Most of the chemical processes are multivariable in nature. Control of multivariable industrial processes becomes a challenge due to the inherent interactions among variables, modelling uncertainty and various disturbances. The objective of this paper is to design a PI controller for CSTR process with decoupler to meet the desired transient response specifications. Stability of the proposed system...
This paper presents the application of economic NMPC for a heat-integrated chemical reactor. The chosen case study is given by the ammonia synthesis reactor. Through the application of economic NMPC, it is possible to move the operating point close to the unstable region, corresponding to a 12% increase in the extent of reaction with nominal operations conditions. As a further advantage, the increased...
The continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) may exhibit various nonlinear effects, for example, multi-stability or sustained oscillations. This makes the CSTR one of the most difficult industrial units for control and the system instability or thermal runaway indicate that the safety issues must also be taken into account. In comparison to the real reactor, a hybrid system is safe and less expensive...
Chemical Reactors, such as continuous stir tank reactor (CSTR) and polymerization reactors (PR) are nonlinear dynamics in nature. Moreover, in practice, uncertainties and disturbances always exist in operation of such kind of reactors. Therefore, the smooth tracking of these reactors is still a challenging task for the researchers. As a core contribution, a prediction interval (PI)-based controller...
The problem of estimating process derivatives in the on-line optimization case has been extensively addressed in last few decades. In fact, it has received such attention due to the fact that earlier methods have encountered major drawbacks in the past. These drawbacks have either caused the non-convergence of the optimization algorithm, or led to the decrease in its performance. This paper investigates...
This paper shows how a self-tuning PID controller to control the temperature for the continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and behaviour in a desired manner. The steps are modelling, simulation and analysis of difference of controller parameter in order to identify the ideal of the controller parameters. In addition, this project will on basis of a practical example tries to use a modelling of...
In this study, we have developed a method of diagnosis based on high gain observers, for detecting faults of the actuators in a semi continuous chemical reactor. This algorithm has the advantage of detecting multiple faults simultaneously. The observer is constructed from a sub-model, one needs two observers which related to the number of actuator. The signals used in our study derived from a real...
The paper presents an observer synthesis method for distributed parameter systems using the transformation bakstepping. The Backstepping method transforms the system into a stable system with a simpler structure. The method is applied to a chemical reactor tube.
This paper presents an application of self-tuning Fuzzy PI controller (STFPIC) in velocity form (VF) and position form (PF) to control the jacketed Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) in a cascade configuration. CSTR is a highly non-linear process and requires non-conventional intelligent control techniques for stable and efficient operations. Self-tuning fuzzy logic controllers are one such option,...
Because of the dependence of the parameters in the chemical reactor industries to the raw material used in processes, an online identification of the process parameters is necessary to adjust the process control loops. This paper deals with continuous time and delay system identification of the chemical reactor. The identification of linear and single input-single output (SISO) system is based on...
This paper presents a model-based procedure for the detection and isolation of actuator faults in a chemical process. The diagnosis system is based on the estimation of process outputs. A dynamic Multi-input, multiple output (MIMO) process of the process under investigation is obtained by identification procedures, exploiting both Auto Regressive exogenous and Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy input-output...
Nonlinear problems are very common in many industrial applications. For controlling such systems there are several conventional type of controllers intended, such as manual controller, P, PI, PID, and fuzzy controllers. In recent decade new family of intelligent controllers has been evolved because of vary complicated systems and due to requirement of accuracy in the process. The paper consists of...
In this paper, Particle Filter algorithm has been employed for estimating the states namely concentration and temperature of a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) and simulation results are presented. The propagation of particles through the nonlinear system model for the state estimation has been discussed. The states of the system are estimated by using the Particle Filter algorithm under the...
The problem of state estimation has great relevance in the chemical industry, since many chemical processes involve state variables that are difficult to measure online. This paper compares four different state estimation techniques applied to the model of a continuous stirred tank reactor with three state variables. The estimators employed are an extended Luenberger observer, an extended Kalman filter,...
In this paper, a systematic approach to design a non-linear observer to estimate the states of a non-linear system is proposed. The neural network based state filtering algorithm proposed by A.G. Parlos et al. has been used to estimate the state variables, concentration and temperature in the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) process. CSTR is a typical chemical reactor system with complex nonlinear...
The paper presents an approach to model the identifiable nonlinearity of an overall nonlinear process systems online byusing “Extended Minimal Resource Allocating Network” with Radial Basis Function(EMRAN-RBF) approach. An important feature of this general technique is the network flexibility to update the parameters (weights, biases) and maintaining only necessary number of neurons by a growing and...
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