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Modern cities are blanketed with Wi-Fi Hotspots. Such network access points can be utilised by Internet of Thing devices to enable wireless sensor network data mining deployments to report to the cloud. Vehicles are such devices that can provide valuable data sensing platforms for both internal operational properties such as speed, fuel and engine heat as well as external environmental features including...
Designing and practical implementation of energy efficient routing protocol is always a major concern for researchers in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In the past decade various energy efficient clustering routing protocols are designed to overcome this issue. Clustered base path planning technique is widely used in both homogeneous and heterogeneous WSNs. Existing techniques are based on direct...
Railways constitute a main means of mass transportation, used by public, private, and military entities to traverse long distances every day. Railway control software must collect spatial information and effectively manage these systems. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an attractive solution to cover the area along-side the railway routes. In-carriage WSNs are also studied in cases of dangerous...
This paper proposes a position-based routing scheme called Speed Up-Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (SU-GPSR). The speed up mode works together with greedy mode to provide a solution for data transmission in WSN. Unlike other variants of greedy perimeter stateless routing protocols, SU-GPSR not only embraces both still nodes and mobile nodes in one unified...
Wireless sensor network is an application tools which play a important role in monitoring remote environment and tracking of target. It consisting Sensor node which are smallers cheaper and intelligent, which consume small amounts of battery or power. By using this data is transferred. There is lots of routing technique that provides significant benefits to wireless sensor networks concerning both...
In a sensor network, the sensor devices are the most critical resources that contribute in the network communication. The physical features of the network including node energy, coverage capability and channel strength can affect the network communication. In this paper, a novel MAC protocol called EF-MAC is introduced to utilize the restricted capabilities and the communication features to optimize...
Wireless sensor network(WSN) contains a number of sensor nodes distributed in the sensor field. Sensor nodes gather information from the environment, process them and then transmit data to the sink node. To send data from the source node to sink node require efficient routing algorithm. This routing algorithm plays important role in WSN is to finding a reliable path for a data transmission in the...
Recent advancement in wireless communications and electronics has enabled the development of low-cost sensor networks. The sensor networks can be used for various application areas (e.g., health, military, home). Wireless sensor networks consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have...
Given the fact that LEACH protocol didn't take the residual energy of nodes into account when choosing the cluster heads, which may result in the node with rather low energy to be chosen as a cluster head. Thus, it will cause the cluster created by this low-energy node to be dead at an early stage, which wastes the whole network's resource. Here in this paper, we introduced an energy factor when choosing...
Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is emerging lots of attention due to its various types of characteristics and applications. Distinctive underwater characteristics leads to many challenges such as-high propagation delay, data losses, nodes mobility, localization, nodes deployment while designing any reliable and efficient routing protocol. In this paper, an extension of CDBR (Forwarding nodes...
Recently, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been employed in many real-world applications that greatly improve our life. Therefore, security in WSNs is a challenging task due to inheritance limitations of sensors and it becomes a good topic for researchers. In this work, we focus at secure hierarchical routing protocols in wireless sensor networks and represent selected approaches which focusing...
The current de-facto routing protocol over WSN developed by IETF Working Group (6LOWPAN) named as Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy networks (RPL) [1], to enable IPv6 packets carrying over IEEE 802.4 and to empower the usage of IoT over WSN. Because of the potential large networks, number of nodes and the fact that multiple coexisting applications will be running in the same physical layer,...
Spatially unbalanced energy consumption among sensors is the most important issue in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). This uneven energy consumption can significantly reduce network lifetime. The use of sink mobility with constrained paths and decreasing the message flood by limiting the flood area can help to improve the energy efficiency in WSNs. Maximum Amount Shortest Path routing (MASP) is an...
Energy problem is an important consideration in wireless sensor network. It is because sensor nodes in network use limited battery source which leads to limited lifetime. Also, sensor nodes in WSNs use multi-hop communication, so nodes near sink node transmit more data compared with farther nodes. These phenomenon results in energy hole problem which is critical to prolong lifetime of sensor network...
WBAN is the limited version of the WSN. The area covered by network is the main constrained in the WBAN as compared to the WSN. Various routing protocols applicable in the WSN must have optimized performance in WBAN. This paper analyzes the performance of the various routing protocols of the wireless network in the WBAN and WSN. Moreover, the paper also compares their performance in the same network...
This paper advice the modified Geographical energy aware routing in WSN. In which separation of the sensor nodes based on their location given by the node electronics using GPS, into certain regions are classified. Sink node (base station) is established away from the sensing region and a gateway node at the middle of sensing region. If the distance of sensor nodes from sink node and gateway node...
Wireless Sensor networks (WSN) is basically comprised of sensors that are spatially distributed with self-ruling capability, which monitors physical or environmental conditions such as, pressure, temperature, motion, sound and so on. Sensors also passes all the related information throughout the network. As the number of nodes and size of the network increases, there will be rapid increase in internet...
In recent time, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is getting popular in wide range of applications. WSN is the network of Sensor Nodes (SNs) in which each node have sensing, communication and computation facility. The main limitation of WSN is that SNs have limited energy. So the main focus of research in WSN is to improve the Network Lifetime by plummeting energy consumption. Several locations aware...
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), sensor nodes are power constrained and have restricted lifetime. This necessitates understanding how much long the network prevails its networking operations as it is first concern of mission critical applications. In recent years, to increase network life, proper uses of routing protocols have been proposed. Soft-computing (SC) technique highly addresses their...
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a collection of sensor nodes capable for sensing instantaneously. WSNs are widely deployed in hostile environment on ad-hoc basis. Routing protocols are used to discover a suitable route among sensor nodes and transfer sensed data from one node to another node. Several routing protocols are developed and configured according to their characteristics. Ad-hoc nature...
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