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Recent advances in technology propelled the development of resource constrained tiny devices and the concept of Internet of Things (IoT). Potential applications spanning various fields of science from environmental to medical have been emerged. Different architectures, routing protocols, performance issues and goals have been suggested. In this work, we review fundamental concepts, recent developments...
These days wireless sensor networks are being used in many different fields. Limited energy and efficient usage of energy are the most important factors that should be considered in these networks. Node clustering increases the efficacy of the energy consumption. Each cluster has a cluster head(CH) that is a member of that cluster and its duty is sending and receiving data in the network. So finding...
Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) is an upcoming technology that supplements wired infrastructure with wireless backbone to provide Internet connectivity to mobile nodes (MN) or users in residential areas and offices. Here the each wireless backbone node operates both as a wireless router that forwards packets of other nodes & as a wireless bridge transmitting the packets of its clients WMN has the...
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are widely used various applications such as disaster management, search and rescue operation, wild life monitoring, remote patient monitoring, structural health monitoring etc. It provides bridge between the real physical and virtual worlds. In many scenarios, the coverage area of the WSN will be very large and a multi-hop adhoc network needs to be maintained for the...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have proven to be an effective and dynamic paradigm for many applications, including structural health monitoring and tracking systems. However, the supply of energy to the sensors plays a key role in the success of these applications as well as the design and deployment of these networks. Currently, most WSNs are powered by batteries, which must be replaced frequently,...
Location-awareness plays an important role in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) by aiding in tasks such as packet routing, event mapping, and energy savings. The use of Global Positioning System (GPS) on sensor nodes is not always viable due to a number of issues, e.g., power constraints. Location estimation solves the problem of computing sensor node positions by using information from devices that...
Supporting mobility in wireless sensor networks is one of the major requirements for future Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This work focuses on optimizing the objective function of Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks (RPL) in mobile applications. RPL routing is the most common standard routing protocol designed for IoT applications. We optimized RPL objective function by combining...
The paper will develop a wireless sensor network suitable for the medical scene of smart community for the elderly in the community to provide quality health care services for the elderly. The project will improve positioning accuracy of the elderly in the smart community through the study of positioning algorithm. Meanwhile, the project will design a routing protocol most appropriate for medical...
Nowadays Wireless sensor network achieve much attention due to its several real time applications like in military works, fire detection, temperature sensing etc. Sensor nodes are randomly distributed in the network and have limited energy. Due to this energy constraint, efficient routing protocol comes into picture. A sensor node senses the environment and generated the data. It sends the data to...
Several atypical hierarchical routing protocols have been proposed among which grid-based routing protocols are an efficient way of disseminating data towards a mobile sink. The network is partitioned into a virtual equal-sized grids. The proposed protocol, Mode-Switched Grid-based Routing (MSGR) for Wireless Sensor Networks selects one node per grid as the Grid Head. The routing path to the sink...
Design of energy efficient underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) routing protocol to prolong network lifetime is a challenging task because of limited battery life of sensor nodes. In this paper, we propose mobile energy efficient square routing protocol (MEES) to balance energy consumption of nodes in the network. Two mobile sinks are deployed at the farthest distance from each other. In order...
In this paper, a routing protocol, Maximum Coverage in Square field region (MCS) for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) is introduced. The overall area of the network is divided into ten sub regions and two mobile sinks (MSs) are deployed. The data is transmitted to the MS directly and mobility pattern of MS is adjusted in such a way that it covers the whole area of the network. When MS and...
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of enormous amount of sensor nodes. These sensor nodes sense the changes in physical parameters from the sensing range and forward the information to the sink nodes or the base station. Since sensor nodes are driven with limited power batteries, prolonging the network lifetime is difficult and very expensive, especially for hostile locations. Therefore, routing...
This paper studies the opportunistic routing (OR) in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We consider the scenario where a UAV collects data from randomly deployed mobile sensors that are moving with different velocities along a predefined route. Due to the dynamic topology, mobile sensors have different opportunities to communicate with the UAV. This paper proposes...
Mobile Wireless sensor network consist of number of sensor nodes and each node works on limited battery life. Several factors like routing protocol, nodes mobility and energy can affect the performance of a WSN. This paper presents fuzzy rule based simulation system for WSN to predict the node's mobility and energy. Mobility prediction provides stable path for network and energy prediction increases...
Data gathering by leveraging Sink's mobility in large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks (wsns) has drawn substantial interest in recent years. Challenge is to collect data in wsns through optimized network performance. Current researchers focus on how to minimize the energy of sensor nodes to help improve the lifetime of the node. Identifying mobile sink's moving trajectory in advance is cumbersome process...
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Sink mobility in WSN is considered to be a challenge for routing the data, as it creates rapid topological changes in the network. Most of the routing protocols available in the literature are prone to high control overhead and are less efficient. An elastic routing technique utilizing overhearing feature, is an efficient protocol with less control overhead for routing the data, from a single static...
An examination of existing studies in the area of Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) implementation in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) reveals a consistent approach taken of optimal node distribution. This in order to best evaluate networking metrics such as Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), latency and energy consumption. The tests detailed in this paper differ from previous work,...
Wireless Sensor technology is one among the fast emerging technologies in the current scenario and it has wide range of application also which has small sensors with minimum communicational and computational power. Depending on the overhead of a node, the energy consumption varies with each other. This leads to the non-uniform distribution of the energy which in turn degrades the performance of the...
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