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The ability of wireless terminals to harvest energy from Radio Frequency (RF) signals is gaining tremendous momentum as a mean to prolong the lifetime of these terminals and to recycle the radiated energy. This article gives a much needed statistical analysis for the amount of harvested energy over a period of time $T$. By studying the input/output characteristics of a typical harvesting circuit,...
In this paper a source-pull approach is followed to optimize RF-DC converter efficiency in Wireless Power Transmission/Wireless harvesters systems. This approach is applied to simple one stage RF/DC rectifier but also to a voltage multiplier in a Dickson charge pump configuration. The optimization process was made in two scenarios, while in the first case it was used to maximize the efficiency of...
RF energy scavenging enables batteryless operation of wireless sensors. In particular, a system with a central controller that transfers wireless energy to and exchanges information with RF energy scavenging sensors is very suitable for a wide range of applications. State-of-the-art analysis of RF energy scavenging is mostly based on RF-DC rectifier models operating with relatively high input power...
Recent advances in ultra-low-power circuits and energy harvesters are making self-powered body wireless autonomous transducer solutions (WATS) a reality. Power optimization at the system and application level is crucial in achieving ultra-low-power consumption for the entire system. This paper deals with innovative WATS modeling techniques, and illustrates their impact on the case of autonomous wireless...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a key technology of Internet of Things (IOT). WSN node is commonly powered by battery. However, battery capacity is limited, which affects the overall performance of WSN. The technology of environmental energy harvesting is presented for power supply of WSN node in this paper. Specifically, the basic voltage doubling rectifier circuit is analyzed, then the microwave...
This paper deals with global power consumption modeling dedicated to Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes. After having introduced various existing approaches for the energy modeling, our choices and experiments using the Ns-2 simulator and the iMote2 hardware platform (over an IEEE 802.15.4 protocol) are presented. First results show that Ns-2 simulator provides RF energy consumption metrics very...
A comparison study was carried out between a wireless sensor node with a bare die flip-chip mounted and its reference board with a BGA packaged transceiver chip. The main focus is the return loss (S parameter S11) at the antenna connector, which was highly depended on the impedance mismatch. Modeling including the different interconnect technologies, substrate properties and passive components, was...
In this study, we propose a new approach of alternate test and adaptive control of power supply of AMS blocks based on the identification of some parameters of a behavioural model. A complete behavioural model of AMS block is built, including a model structure and a set of parameters. Using a population of circuits obtained by Monte Carlo simulation, a regression relationship is then built to link...
In this paper a simple and efficient model is proposed to predict the received direct current (DC) power in wireless power transportation (WPT) systems, for radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless sensor network applications. The conversion of radio frequency (RF) power into usable DC power is done by a rectenna (a rectifying circuit with an antenna). The DC power was estimated using a...
In this paper, a prototype of miniaturized, low power, bi-directional wireless sensor node for wireless sensor networks (WSN) was designed for doors and windows building monitoring. The capacitive pressure sensors have been developed particularly for such application, where packaging size and minimization of the power requirements of the sensors are the major drivers. The capacitive pressure sensors...
The research developed in this paper lies in the framework of the Wireless Power Transportation (WPT) applied to the RFID. The carried study aims at to obtain the best efficiency of the collecting/rectifying part of the WPT system (rectenna) where recovery of the microwave energy into continuous energy takes place. The optimization is performed on an equivalent circuit approach of the rectenna with...
In this paper, a low power 2.4 GHz front-end for sensor network application (IEEE 802.15.4 LR-WPAN) is designed with 0.18 um CMOS process. A power supply circuit with novel temperature compensation scheme is presented. The simulation and measurement result shows that the front-end (LNA, Mixer) can achieve 35.3dB voltage gain and 3.1 dB Noise Figure with 2.16 mW power consumption at 27degC. NF included...
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